ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2015
Biologic agents for IBD: practical insights.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 334 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of THC-containing cannabis for inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of pharmacologic interventions in ulcerative colitis: a network meta analysis.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Has the therapeutical ceiling been reached in Crohn's disease randomized controlled trials? A systematic review and meta-analysis.United European gastroenterology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis: real-world data rates of deep remission with anti-TNFα in inflammatory bowel disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Pooled it
- First- and Second-Line Pharmacotherapies for Patients With Moderate to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: An Updated Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Cost-Effectiveness of Biologics for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Expression of inflammatory mediators in biofilm samples and clinical association in inflammatory bowel disease patients-a preliminary study.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Trial
- Review Article: The Impact of the Gut Microbiome on Ulcerative Colitis Pharmacotherapy.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Oral Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles To Treat Intestinal Inflammation.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- RNF2 mediates H2A ubiquitination to promote colitis via suppressing monocyte-macrophage transition in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- From inflammation to malignancy: the dynamic evolution of cancer-associated fibroblasts in IBD-CRC.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Discovery of 7-azaindole-3-acrylamide inhibitors of inflammasomes/IL-1β for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Detection of Calpain-Mediated Beclin-1 Cleavage for Drug Discovery in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Cells · 2026Article
- Advances in Crohn's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutics.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Analysis of the use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of Crohn's disease.Antibody therapeutics · 2026Review
- Adverse Events in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Advanced Therapies: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Effectiveness and Tolerability of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Therapy in Refractory Intestinal Behçet's Disease: A Large Single-Center Study.Gut and liver · 2026Article
- Mucosa-associated bacteria and metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease: from inside to insight.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Six biologic agents are currently approved for the treatment of IBD: four anti-TNF agents (infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab and certolizumab pegol) and two anti-integrin agents (natalizumab and vedolizumab). In Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis refractory to standard medications, treatment choice among available biologic agents can be challenging. Several parameters should be taken into account to help physicians through the decision-making process, including the comparative effectiveness and long-term safety profile, availability and labelling in the prescriber's country, international guidelines, and cost, as well as patient preferences (such as the route of administration). Herein, we provide practical insights on the use of biologic agents in IBD. The results of head-to-head trials between biologic agents are eagerly awaited to guide decision-making regarding the choice of first-line biologic agents and to determine whether switching within the same drug class or swapping (switching out of the drug class) is preferable after primary or secondary loss of response to the first biologic agent. In the near future, treatment algorithms might evolve with the launch of new drugs (such as ustekinumab, tofacitinib and etrolizumab) and the increased use of biosimilars.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.