ArticleBMC cancer2015
Essential medicines for breast cancer in low and middle income countries.
Article in BMC cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormone, Targeted, and Combinational Therapies for Breast Cancers: From Humans to Dogs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of BP02 (Trastuzumab Biosimilar) in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Phase III Study.Clinical drug investigation · 2024Trial
- Article
- Time to inclusion of selected medicines for priority diseases in National Essential Medicines Lists compared with the WHO Model List.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Navigating the implementation gap for Trastuzumab's journey from health insurance to patient access: a preliminary study in a hospital in China.Global health research and policy · 2024Article
- Novel approaches to enable equitable access to monoclonal antibodies in low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2024Review
- Essential cancer medicines and cancer outcomes: Cross-sectional study of 124 countries.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Essential medicines for mental disorders: comparison of 121 national lists with WHO recommendations.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023Article
- Globalisation of industry-sponsored clinical trials for breast, lung and colon cancer research: trends, threats and opportunities.BMJ oncology · 2023Article
- A Review of Trastuzumab Biosimilars in Early Breast Cancer and Real World Outcomes of Neoadjuvant MYL-1401O versus Reference Trastuzumab.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
- CYP2B6 Functional Variability in Drug Metabolism and Exposure Across Populations-Implication for Drug Safety, Dosing, and Individualized Therapy.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Review
- Review
- CytoPAN-Portable cellular analyses for rapid point-of-care cancer diagnosis.Science translational medicine · 2020Article
- Biologic Drug Quality Assurance to Optimize HER2 + Breast Cancer Treatment: Insights from Development of the Trastuzumab Biosimilar SB3.Targeted oncology · 2020Review
- Sales of anti-cancer medicines; China, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2020Article
- Review
- Factors analysis on the use of key quality indicators for narrowing the gap of quality of care of breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2019Article
- The evolution of biosimilars in oncology, with a focus on trastuzumab.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2018Review
- Breast Cancer Disparities at Home and Abroad: A Review of the Challenges and Opportunities for System-Level Change.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Article
- Essential medicines for cancer: WHO recommendations and national priorities.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women worldwide. In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), appropriate selection of medicines on national essential medicines lists (NEMLs) is a first step towards adequate access to treatment. We studied selection of systemic treatments for breast cancer on NEMLs and assessed its alignment with treatment guidelines for different types of early and advanced breast cancer. Furthermore, influence of country characteristics on the selection was investigated.
methodNEMLs from 75 LMICs were studied for inclusion of all components of therapy in each stage of breast cancer according to international consensus guidelines. The results were then grouped by income level, WHO region and the NEMLs' release date. Non parametric tests were used for statistical analysis.
resultsUnlike HER2-targeted therapies (<10%), aromatase inhibitors (12%) and taxanes (28%); tamoxifen and first generation chemotherapeutic regimens (e.g., anthracycline-based regimens) were frequently found in the NEMLs (71-78%). Consequently, all components of treatment for "Luminal A" early breast cancer and non HER2 overexpressed advanced breast cancer were found on the NEMLs of over 70% of countries. However, 40% of the low income countries did not have all the components of therapy for any type of early breast cancer in their NEMLs, and adequate treatment of HER2 overexpressed breast cancer was hardly possible with the current selections. Recent NEMLs were more aligned with the guidelines (p < 0.05). Eastern Mediterranean and African regions less frequently incorporated all components of breast cancer treatment in their NEMLs.
conclusionAlignment of selection with guidelines' recommendations was inconsistent for different types of early and advanced breast cancer in NEMLs. Regular updates and more attention to clinical guidelines is therefore recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.