Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26282123›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of general virology2015

Variability and pathogenicity of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 variants.

Donald B Smith, Samreen Ijaz, Richard S Tedder, Boris Hogema, Hans L Zaaijer, Jacques Izopet, Amanda Bradley-Stewart, Rory Gunson, Heli Harvala, Inka Kokki and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of general virology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Hepatitis E virus in blood donors in England, 2016 to 2017: from selective to universal screening.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2019
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Hepatitis E: Still Waters Run Deep.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2018
    Review
  16. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Scotland: evidence of recent increase in viral circulation in humans.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2018
    Article
  17. Origin and dispersal of Hepatitis E virus.Emerging microbes & infections · 2018
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Donald B SmithUniversity of Edinburgh, CIIE, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
Samreen IjazBlood Borne Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department, MS-Colindale, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
Richard S TedderBlood Borne Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department, MS-Colindale, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
Boris HogemaDepartment of Blood-borne Infections, Sanquin Research, PO Box 9190, 1006 AD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Hans L ZaaijerDepartment of Blood-borne Infections, Sanquin Research, PO Box 9190, 1006 AD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jacques IzopetInstitut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unite 1043, Toulouse, France.
Amanda Bradley-StewartWest of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, New Lister Building, Glasgow, UK.
Rory GunsonWest of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, New Lister Building, Glasgow, UK.
Heli HarvalaSpecialist Virology Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, UK.
Inka KokkiSpecialist Virology Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, UK.
Peter SimmondsUniversity of Edinburgh, Roslin Institute, Easter Bush, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 095831
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) can be clinically inapparent or produce symptoms and signs of hepatitis of varying severity and occasional fatality. This variability in clinical outcomes may reflect differences in host susceptibility or the presence of virally encoded determinants of pathogenicity. Analysis of complete genome sequences supports the division of HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) variants into three major clades: 3ra comprising HEV isolates from rabbits, and 3efg and 3abchij comprising the corresponding named subtypes derived from humans and pigs. Using this framework, we investigated associations between viral genetic variability of HEV-3 in symptomatic and asymptomatic infections by comparing HEV-3 subgenomic sequences previously obtained from blood donors with those from patients presenting with hepatitis in the UK (54 blood donors, 148 hepatitis patients), the Netherlands (38 blood donors, 119 hepatitis patients), France (24 blood donors, 55 hepatitis patients) and Germany (14 blood donors, 36 hepatitis patients). In none of these countries was evidence found for a significant association between virus variants and patient group (P>0.05 Fisher's exact test). Furthermore, within a group of 123 patients in Scotland with clinically apparent HEV infections, we found no evidence for an association between variants of HEV-3 and disease severity or alanine aminotransferase level. The lack of detectable virally encoded determinants of disease outcomes in HEV-3 infection implies a more important role for host factors in its clinical phenotype.

Indexed as

FranceGenetic VariationGermanyHepatitis EHepatitis E virusHumansMolecular Sequence DataNetherlandsPhylogenyScotlandVirulence

Identifiers

PMID26282123
PMCPMC4806580

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.