ArticleThe Journal of general virology2015
Archival search for historical atypical scrapie in sheep reveals evidence for mixed infections.
Article in The Journal of general virology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-presence of classical scrapie but not classical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in transmissions from Dutch sheep with atypical scrapie.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Classical BSE emergence from Nor98/atypical scrapie: Unraveling the shift vs. selection dichotomy in the prion field.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Diagnosis in Scrapie: Conventional Methods and New Biomarkers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A single amino acid residue in bank vole prion protein drives permissiveness to Nor98/atypical scrapie and the emergence of multiple strain variants.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Scrapie at Abattoir: Monitoring, Control, and Differential Diagnosis of Wasting Conditions during Meat Inspection.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Circulation of Nor98 Atypical Scrapie in Portuguese Sheep Confirmed by Transmission of Isolates into Transgenic Ovine ARQ-PrP Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Scientific report on the analysis of the 2-year compulsory intensified monitoring of atypical scrapie.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- BSE can propagate in sheep co-infected or pre-infected with scrapie.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Neuropathology of Animal Prion Diseases.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- The emergence of classical BSE from atypical/Nor98 scrapie.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Nonpathogenic Heterologous Prions Can Interfere with Prion Infection in a Strain-Dependent Manner.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Prion Strain Characterization of a Novel Subtype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Identification of the first case of atypical scrapie in Japan.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2017Article
- Evaluating the Species Barrier.Food safety (Tokyo, Japan) · 2016Review
- Primary transmission of chronic wasting disease versus scrapie prions from small ruminants to transgenic mice expressing ovine or cervid prion protein.The Journal of general virology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Natural scrapie in sheep occurs in classical and atypical forms, which may be distinguished on the basis of the associated neuropathology and properties of the disease-associated prion protein on Western blots. First detected in 1998, atypical scrapie is known to have occurred in UK sheep since the 1980s. However, its aetiology remains unclear and it is often considered as a sporadic, non-contagious disease unlike classical scrapie which is naturally transmissible. Although atypical scrapie tends to occur in sheep of prion protein (PRNP) genotypes that are different from those found predominantly in classical scrapie, there is some overlap so that there are genotypes in which both scrapie forms can occur. In this search for early atypical scrapie cases, we made use of an archive of fixed and frozen sheep samples, from both scrapie-affected and healthy animals (∼1850 individuals), dating back to the 1960s. Using a selection process based primarily on PRNP genotyping, but also on contemporaneous records of unusual clinical signs or pathology, candidate sheep samples were screened by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and strain-typing methods using tg338 mice. We identified, from early time points in the archive, three atypical scrapie cases, including one sheep which died in 1972 and two which showed evidence of mixed infection with classical scrapie. Cases with both forms of scrapie in the same animal as recognizable entities suggest that mixed infections have been around for a long time and may potentially contribute to the variety of scrapie strains.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.