ArticleJournal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia2015
The kynurenine to tryptophan ratio as a prognostic tool for glioblastoma patients enrolling in immunotherapy.
Article in Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of the Kynurenine Pathway and Psychoneurological Symptoms Among Adult Cancer Survivors.Biological research for nursing · 2020Pooled it
- Peptide vaccine immunotherapy biomarkers and response patterns in pediatric gliomas.JCI insight · 2018Trial
- A Metabolomic Signature Predicts Gout Flare Clinical Outcome Associated With Colchicine Prophylaxis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Nexus of IDO1/Kynurenine Pathway to T-Cell Exhaustion: Hypoxia-Induced Tryptophan Metabolism in Glioblastoma.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Spatially resolved tryptophan-kynurenine niches in HNSCC: immunometabolic microdomains and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response and resistance in glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- V-ATPase-dependent induction of selective autophagy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Glioblastoma metabolomics: uncovering biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Immuno-Oncology at the Crossroads: Confronting Challenges in the Quest for Effective Cancer Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Tryptophan Metabolic Enzyme IL4I1 Inhibits Ferroptosis by Decreasing Ubiquitination of Nrf2 via I3P in Glioblastoma.Cell proliferation · 2025Article
- AHR Agonist ITE Boosted PD1 Antibody's Effects by Inhibiting Myeloid-Derived Cells Suppressive Cells in an Orthotopic Mouse Glioma Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Circulating tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites are associated with all-cause mortality among patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Microbial metabolites in tumor metabolic reprogramming and immunotherapy: new insights.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Preoperative Peripheral Blood Serotonin and Kynurenine Levels Are Associated With Oncological Outcomes in Glioblastoma IDH-wt Patients.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2025Article
- Activated kynurenine pathway metabolism by YKL-40 establishes an inhibitory immune microenvironment and drives glioblastoma development.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Association of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Activity with Outcome after Cardiac Surgery in Adult Patients.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Metabolic mediators: microbial-derived metabolites as key regulators of anti-tumor immunity, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Untargeted Metabolomic Characterization of Glioblastoma Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity Using OrbiSIMS.Analytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and immunotherapeutic effects based on tryptophan metabolism-related genes.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We hypothesized that peripheral tryptophan (Trp) and/or kynurenine (Kyn) levels would provide prognostic value for physicians planning to enroll glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients in immunotherapy. GBM is the most common form of malignant glioma in adults. Despite aggressive surgical resection, irradiation and chemotherapy, patients with GBM have a median survival of only 14.6 months after diagnosis. This poor outcome has led to the search for more effective treatments, including immunotherapy. However, the identification of parameters that proactively stratify GBM patients who have the potential for therapeutic benefit has been challenging. Given recent observations demonstrating high indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) expression in GBM, the immunosuppressive impact of IDO1-mediated Trp catabolism, as well as active transport of Trp and the IDO1-downstream Trp catabolite, Kyn, across the blood brain barrier, we hypothesized that peripheral blood analysis of this pathway would provide diagnostic utility. When comparing individuals without tumors to GBM patients prior to surgical resection, or at the 48 hour (48 h) and ⩾10 week (10 w+) postoperative time points, Trp levels were significantly decreased (p<0.0002). Similarly, Kyn levels were decreased in the pre- and 48 h postoperative GBM patients (p<0.0001), while there was no difference between individuals without tumors and 10 w+ GBM patients. Interestingly, those 10 w+ patients with a high Kyn/Trp ratio (⩾9.5) had a mean overall survival (OS) of 23.6 ± a standard error of 6.8 months, compared to an OS of 38.7 ± 4.9 months for patients with lower Kyn/Trp values. Since the 10 w+ blood draw and analyses occurred prior to patient enrollment in the heat shock protein peptide complex-96 clinical trial, these novel data suggest that the late Kyn/Trp index may be a relevant clinical benchmark, providing prognostic value for GBM patients who are enrolled in immunotherapeutic regimens.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.