Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26279266›Full record

ArticleCell stem cell2015

Human Neuropsychiatric Disease Modeling using Conditional Deletion Reveals Synaptic Transmission Defects Caused by Heterozygous Mutations in NRXN1.

ChangHui Pak, Tamas Danko, Yingsha Zhang, Jason Aoto, Garret Anderson, Stephan Maxeiner, Fei Yi, Marius Wernig, Thomas C Südhof

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell stem cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
144citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

144 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 227 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Probing neuropsychiatric disorders through in vivo CRISPR screening.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2026
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  7. Clinical Phenotypes Associated withSultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2026
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  11. Distinct Synaptic Mechanisms DrivebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Alpha-neurexins in health and disease.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

ChangHui PakDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Tamas DankoDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Yingsha ZhangDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Jason AotoDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Garret AndersonDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Stephan MaxeinerDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Fei YiDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Marius WernigInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Thomas C SüdhofDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: tcs1@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · US

Funding

Multimodal analysis of high-risk psychosis mutations in induced neuronal cellsU19MH104172 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LEVINSON, DOUGLAS FREDERICK, SUDHOF, THOMAS C. · 2014 to 2018
$9.7M
Induced neuronal cells: A novel tool to study neuropsychiatric diseasesR01MH092931 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Thomas C. Sudhof, Marius Wernig · 2010 to 2026
$9.7M
Large-Scale Molecular Interrogation of Synaptic TransmissionR01NS077906 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHEN, LU, MALENKA, ROBERT C · 2011 to 2014
$2.5M
Investigating role of neurexin-1 mutation in autism using human induced neuronsF32HD078051 · NICHD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI PAK, CHANGHUI · 2013 to 2015
$159k
NICHD NIH HHS F32 HD078051NICHD NIH HHS F32 HD078051-02NIMH NIH HHS MH-092931NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH092931NIMH NIH HHS U19 MH104172NIMH NIH HHS U19-MH104172NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS077906
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heterozygous mutations of the NRXN1 gene, which encodes the presynaptic cell-adhesion molecule neurexin-1, were repeatedly associated with autism and schizophrenia. However, diverse clinical presentations of NRXN1 mutations in patients raise the question of whether heterozygous NRXN1 mutations alone directly impair synaptic function. To address this question under conditions that precisely control for genetic background, we generated human ESCs with different heterozygous conditional NRXN1 mutations and analyzed two different types of isogenic control and NRXN1 mutant neurons derived from these ESCs. Both heterozygous NRXN1 mutations selectively impaired neurotransmitter release in human neurons without changing neuronal differentiation or synapse formation. Moreover, both NRXN1 mutations increased the levels of CASK, a critical synaptic scaffolding protein that binds to neurexin-1. Our results show that, unexpectedly, heterozygous inactivation of NRXN1 directly impairs synaptic function in human neurons, and they illustrate the value of this conditional deletion approach for studying the functional effects of disease-associated mutations.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalSynaptic TransmissionAmino Acid SequenceCalcium-Binding ProteinsCell Adhesion Molecules, NeuronalCell DifferentiationCell MembraneEnzyme StabilityGene Knockout TechniquesGene TargetingGuanylate KinasesHeterozygoteHuman Embryonic Stem CellsHumansMental DisordersMiniature Postsynaptic PotentialsCalcium-Binding ProteinsCASK kinasesCell Adhesion Molecules, NeuronalGuanylate KinasesNerve Tissue ProteinsNeural Cell Adhesion MoleculesNeurotransmitter AgentsNRXN1 protein, humanautismhuman neuronsiN cellsneurexinschizophreniasynapsesynaptic cell adhesion

Identifiers

PMID26279266
PMCPMC4560990
OpenAlexW1961529886

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.