Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26276262›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2015

Insulin resistance is associated with poorer verbal fluency performance in women.

Laura L Ekblad, Juha O Rinne, Pauli J Puukka, Hanna K Laine, Satu E Ahtiluoto, Raimo O Sulkava, Matti H Viitanen, Antti M Jula

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Article in Diabetologia, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

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  11. Association of Life's Simple 7 with incident dementia and its modification by the apolipoprotein E genotype.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Laura L EkbladTurku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland. llekbl@utu.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5863-8088
Juha O RinneTurku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland.
Pauli J PuukkaNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland.
Hanna K LaineTurku City Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Satu E AhtiluotoUniversity of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Raimo O SulkavaUniversity of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Matti H ViitanenTurku City Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Antti M JulaNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisType 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline. Insulin resistance occurring during midlife may increase the risk of cognitive decline later in life. We hypothesised that insulin resistance is associated with poorer cognitive performance and that sex and APOE*E4 might modulate this association.

methodsThe association of insulin resistance and APOE*E4 genotype on cognitive function was evaluated in a nationwide Finnish population-based study (n = 5,935, mean age 52.5 years, range 30-97 years). HOMA-IR was used to measure insulin resistance. Cognitive function was tested by word-list learning, word-list delayed-recall, categorical verbal fluency and simple and visual-choice reaction-time tests. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between HOMA-IR and the results of the cognitive tests.

resultsHigher HOMA-IR was associated with poorer verbal fluency in women (p < 0.0001) but not in men (p = 0.56). Higher HOMA-IR was also associated with poorer verbal fluency in APOE*E4 -negative individuals (p = 0.0003), but not in APOE*E4 carriers (p = 0.28). Furthermore, higher HOMA-IR was associated with a slower simple reaction time in the whole study group (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationTo our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive, population-based study, including both young and middle-aged adults, to report that female sex impacts the association of HOMA-IR with verbal fluency. Our study was cross-sectional, so causal effects of HOMA-IR on cognition could not be evaluated. However, our results suggest that HOMA-IR could be an early marker for an increased risk of cognitive decline in women.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overApolipoproteins EBlood GlucoseCognitionFemaleGenotypeHumansInsulin ResistanceMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsRisk FactorsSex FactorsVerbal BehaviorApolipoproteins EBlood GlucoseAlzheimer’s diseaseAPOE*E4 genotypeCategorical verbal fluencyCognitionHOMA-IRInsulin resistanceSex difference

Identifiers

PMID26276262

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.