ArticleContraception2015
Meaning-making matters in product design: users' sensory perceptions and experience evaluations of long-acting vaginal gels and intravaginal rings.
Article in Contraception, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Qualitative Systematic Review of Women's Experiences Using Contraceptive Vaginal Rings: Implications for New Technologies.Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health · 2019Pooled it
- Acceptability and Preference for 3-Month Versus 1-Month Vaginal Rings for HIV-1 Risk Reduction Among Participants in a Phase 1 Trial.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2022Trial
- Young Women's Ratings of Three Placebo Multipurpose Prevention Technologies for HIV and Pregnancy Prevention in a Randomized, Cross-Over Study in Kenya and South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Women's Perceptions of Novel 3-D Printed Vaginal Rings for Multipurpose Prevention.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- A process-driven approach for manufacturing personalized intravaginal rings using droplet deposition modeling.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Article
- Long-Acting Gel Formulations: Advancing Drug Delivery across Diverse Therapeutic Areas.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Women Want Choices: Opinions from the Share.Learn.Shape Global Internet Survey About Multipurpose Prevention Technology (MPT) Products in Development.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Article
- Participant experiences with a multipurpose vaginal ring for HIV and pregnancy prevention during a phase 1 clinical trial: learning from users to improve acceptability.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Article
- Users' Preferred Characteristics of Vaginal Rings for HIV Prevention: A Qualitative Analysis of Two Phase I Trials.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Design aspects of vaginal applicators that influence acceptance among target users.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Role of Volume in the Perceptibility of Topical Vaginal Formulations: User Sensory Perceptions and Experiences of Heterosexual Couples During Vaginal Sex.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Article
- Design and Characterization of a Novel Series of Geometrically Complex Intravaginal Rings with Digital Light Synthesis.Advanced materials technologies · 2020Article
- 'I feel like a person has a right to use a product to protect themselves…': a qualitative study of the risk-benefit calculus on women's contraceptive use and choice.Sexual health · 2020Article
- A Qualitative Systematic Review of Women's Experiences Using Contraceptive Vaginal Rings: Implications for New Technologies.International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health · 2019Article
- Qualitative exploration of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence acceptability of semisoft vaginal suppositories.BMC women's health · 2018Article
- Safety and pharmacokinetics of single, dual, and triple antiretroviral drug formulations delivered by pod-intravaginal rings designed for HIV-1 prevention: A Phase I trial.PLoS medicine · 2018Article
- User input in iterative design for prevention product development: leveraging interdisciplinary methods to optimize effectiveness.Drug delivery and translational research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveUsers' sensory perceptions and experiences of intravaginal products can inform acceptability and adherence. Focusing on the meanings women derive from formulation/device characteristics facilitates developers' design iterations toward optimizing user experience. We investigated how users of long-acting gels and intravaginal rings (IVRs) impute meaning to characteristics that may affect future product use. STUDY
designFocus groups were conducted with contraceptive IVR and vaginal lubricant users. Current perceptibility science and historical theory on the cultural acceptability of fertility regulating methods informed the analysis.
resultsA total of 21 IVR users and 29 lubricant users attended focus groups in which they manipulated products in their hands and discussed reactions to product characteristics. Participants used prior product experiences and sensory perceptions of prototype manipulations to inform meanings about product properties and performance for pregnancy, disease prevention, comfort, and perceived efficacy. The meanings derived from product characteristics depended on why the product would be used; a characteristic deemed problematic in one risk context may be considered preferable in another.
conclusionsIntravaginal product users create narratives that ascribe influence or causality to product characteristics. These meanings, whether correct or incorrect biologically, will shape vaginal product acceptability, use, and effectiveness. IMPLICATIONS: Long-acting and sustained-release drug delivery systems will be part of the multipurpose prevention continuum. Developers must consider how sensory experiences and culturally salient assumptions shape the meanings users make of product design characteristics. Those meanings will ultimately impact use and effectiveness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.