Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26275815›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2015

Evolutionary patchwork of an insecticidal toxin shared between plant-associated pseudomonads and the insect pathogens Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus.

Beat Ruffner, Maria Péchy-Tarr, Monica Höfte, Guido Bloemberg, Jürg Grunder, Christoph Keel, Monika Maurhofer

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Insecticidal features displayed by the beneficial rhizobacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2022
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Effects of Root-Colonizing Fluorescent Pseudomonas Strains onApplied and environmental microbiology · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Beat RuffnerPathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland. beat.ruffner@usys.ethz.ch.
Maria Péchy-TarrDepartment of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. maria.pechy-tarr@unil.ch.
Monica HöfteLaboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. monica.hofte@ugent.be.
Guido BloembergInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. bloemberg@imm.uzh.ch.
Jürg GrunderNatural Resources Sciences, University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
Christoph KeelDepartment of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. christoph.keel@unil.ch.
Monika MaurhoferPathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland. monika.maurhofer@usys.ethz.ch.
ETH Zurich · CHUniversity of Lausanne · CHGhent University · BEUniversity of Zurich · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRoot-colonizing fluorescent pseudomonads are known for their excellent abilities to protect plants against soil-borne fungal pathogens. Some of these bacteria produce an insecticidal toxin (Fit) suggesting that they may exploit insect hosts as a secondary niche. However, the ecological relevance of insect toxicity and the mechanisms driving the evolution of toxin production remain puzzling.

resultsScreening a large collection of plant-associated pseudomonads for insecticidal activity and presence of the Fit toxin revealed that Fit is highly indicative of insecticidal activity and predicts that Pseudomonas protegens and P. chlororaphis are exclusive Fit producers. A comparative evolutionary analysis of Fit toxin-producing Pseudomonas including the insect-pathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhadus, which produce the Fit related Mcf toxin, showed that fit genes are part of a dynamic genomic region with substantial presence/absence polymorphism and local variation in GC base composition. The patchy distribution and phylogenetic incongruence of fit genes indicate that the Fit cluster evolved via horizontal transfer, followed by functional integration of vertically transmitted genes, generating a unique Pseudomonas-specific insect toxin cluster.

conclusionsOur findings suggest that multiple independent evolutionary events led to formation of at least three versions of the Mcf/Fit toxin highlighting the dynamic nature of insect toxin evolution.

Indexed as

AnimalsBacterial ToxinsEvolution, MolecularGene Transfer, HorizontalInsectaInsecticidesMultigene FamilyPhotorhabdusPhylogenyPlantsPseudomonas fluorescensXenorhabdusBacterial ToxinsInsecticides

Identifiers

PMID26275815
PMCPMC4542124
OpenAlexW1643014207

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.