ReviewPharmacological research2015
Vaccines, adjuvants and autoimmunity.
Review in Pharmacological research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 257 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the Risk of Myocarditis Post-COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Reports from 2023 to 2025.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Environmental factors influencing the risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Association between Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination and risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of influenza A(H3N2) component vaccine in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2023Trial
- Association of post-vaccination adverse reactions after influenza vaccine with mortality and cardiopulmonary outcomes in patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease: the INVESTED trial.European journal of heart failure · 2023Trial
- Absence of autoantibodies linked to cancer and autoimmune disorders 26 weeks after BNT162b2 boosting in CoronaVac- primed individuals.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Analysis of vaccine adverse events associated with rheumatoid arthritis: A pharmacovigilance study based on the VAERS database.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Colorectal cancer and tumor vaccines (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- New-Onset Pemphigus Following Drug Exposure and Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Post-Marketing Safety Surveillance of Autoimmune Diseases Following Bivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in China.Vaccines · 2026Article
- TNMD BRICHOS domain attenuates tau pathology and memory deficits in a mouse model of tauopathy.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Exosome-based vaccines in cancer immunotherapy: antitumor mechanisms, engineering strategies, and challenges.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Radical footprinting in mammalian whole blood.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Rethinking Neonatal Vaccination Policies: A Neuroimmune Perspective.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Using Machine Learning to Identify Factors Affecting Antibody Production and Adverse Reactions After COVID-19 Vaccination.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Preclinical Evaluation of a Phage T4-Based Multi-Epitope Nanoparticle Vaccine Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Systematic annotation and analysis of susceptibility genes associated with vaccine adverse events.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Nucleic acid-encoded antibody gene transfer-next generation of antibody therapies.Drug delivery · 2025Review
- OmpA virulence factor, a promising conserved vaccine candidate against Acinetobacter baumannii, could trigger autoreactive immune responses in susceptible population.BMC immunology · 2025Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccines and autoimmunity are linked fields. Vaccine efficacy is based on whether host immune response against an antigen can elicit a memory T-cell response over time. Although the described side effects thus far have been mostly transient and acute, vaccines are able to elicit the immune system towards an autoimmune reaction. The diagnosis of a definite autoimmune disease and the occurrence of fatal outcome post-vaccination have been less frequently reported. Since vaccines are given to previously healthy hosts, who may have never developed the disease had they not been immunized, adverse events should be carefully accessed and evaluated even if they represent a limited number of occurrences. In this review of the literature, there is evidence of vaccine-induced autoimmunity and adjuvant-induced autoimmunity in both experimental models as well as human patients. Adjuvants and infectious agents may exert their immune-enhancing effects through various functional activities, encompassed by the adjuvant effect. These mechanisms are shared by different conditions triggered by adjuvants leading to the autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome). In conclusion, there are several case reports of autoimmune diseases following vaccines, however, due to the limited number of cases, the different classifications of symptoms and the long latency period of the diseases, every attempt for an epidemiological study has so far failed to deliver a connection. Despite this, efforts to unveil the connection between the triggering of the immune system by adjuvants and the development of autoimmune conditions should be undertaken. Vaccinomics is a field that may bring to light novel customized, personalized treatment approaches in the future.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.