ArticlePloS one2015
Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates from Healthy Conjunctiva and a Comparative Analysis with Isolates from Ocular Infection.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Coagulase-NegativeMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Of Commensals and Opportunists: Genomics of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci During Sequential Ear and Eye Infections in a Healthy Adult.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Differentiating Ocular Pathogenic Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates Using a Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Coculture Model.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- The pathogenicity and virulence of the opportunistic pathogenVirulence · 2024Review
- Presence and mRNA Expression of theIndian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Evaluating and Managing the Microbial Contamination of Eye Drops: A Two-Phase Hospital-Based Study.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Topical Antibiotic Therapy in the Ocular Environment: The Benefits of Using Moxifloxacin Eyedrops.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The impact of oxygen content onFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Antibacterial and cytocompatible silver coating for titanium Boston Keratoprosthesis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Molecular Characterization of Bacterial Agents Causing External Ocular Infections Isolates of Patients in a Third Level Hospital.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of Ocular Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates in Taiwan.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- The Extracellular Vesicles from the Commensal Staphylococcus Epidermidis ATCC12228 Strain Regulate Skin Inflammation in the Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis Murine Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Evaluation of the role of staphylococci in the pathomechanism of conjunctivitis.International ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Bacterial Burden Declines But Neutrophil Infiltration and Ocular Tissue Damage Persist in ExperimentalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Characterization of Polybacterial versus Monobacterial Conjunctivitis Infections in Pediatric Subjects Across Multiple Studies and Microbiological Outcomes with Besifloxacin Ophthalmic Suspension 0.6.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Marine Sediment RecoveredPolish journal of microbiology · 2020Article
- RNA-Seq analysis of differentially expressed genes of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from postoperative endophthalmitis and the healthy conjunctiva.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Non-biofilm-forming commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates produce biofilm in the presence of trypsin.MicrobiologyOpen · 2019Article
- Identification of Major Sequence Types among Multidrug-ResistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common commensal of healthy conjunctiva and it can cause endophthalmitis, however its presence in conjunctivitis, keratitis and blepharitis is unknown. Molecular genotyping of S. epidermidis from healthy conjunctiva could provide information about the origin of the strains that infect the eye. In this paper two collections of S. epidermidis were used: one from ocular infection (n = 62), and another from healthy conjunctiva (n = 45). All isolates were genotyped by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), detection of the genes icaA, icaD, IS256 and polymorphism type of agr locus. The phenotypic data included biofilm production and antibiotic resistance. The results displayed 61 PFGE types from 107 isolates and they were highly discriminatory. MLST analysis generated a total of 25 STs, of which 11 STs were distributed among the ocular infection isolates and lineage ST2 was the most frequent (48.4%), while 14 STs were present in the healthy conjunctiva isolates and lineage ST5 was the most abundant (24.4%). By means of a principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and a discriminant analysis (DA) it was found that ocular infection isolates had as discriminant markers agr III or agr II, SCCmec V or SCCmec I, mecA gene, resistance to tobramycin, positive biofilm, and IS256+. In contrast to the healthy conjunctiva isolates, the discriminating markers were agr I, and resistance to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and oxacillin. The discriminant biomarkers of ocular infection were examined in healthy conjunctiva isolates, and it was found that 3 healthy conjunctiva isolates [two with ST2 and another with ST9] (3/45, 6.66%) had similar genotypic and phenotypic characteristics to ocular infection isolates, therefore a small population from healthy conjunctiva could cause an ocular infection. These data suggest that the healthy conjunctiva isolates do not, in almost all cases, infect the eye due to their large genotypic and phenotypic difference with the ocular infection isolates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.