ArticlePloS one2015
Permeation of Therapeutic Drugs in Different Formulations across the Airway Epithelium In Vitro.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Generation of a human vascularized 3D airway model replicating native mucosal heterogeneity.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Advances in Nasal Biopharmaceutics to Support Product Development and Therapeutic Needs.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Modeling Human Airway Epithelial Barrier Penetration Using Birch Bet v 1 and Alder Aln g 1 Pollen Allergens During Sensitization Process.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Nebulized 2-deoxylated glucose analogues inhibit respiratory viral infection in advanced in vitro airway models.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A 3D Model of the Human Lung Airway for Evaluating Permeability of Inhaled Drugs.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- High Content Image Analysis of Cellular Responses of the Murine J774A.1 Cell Line and Primary Human Cells Alveolar Macrophages to an Extended Panel of Pharmaceutical Agents.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional models: from cell culture to Patient-Derived Organoid and its application to future liposarcoma research.Oncology research · 2025Review
- A Cell-Based Nasal Model for Screening the Deposition, Biocompatibility, and Transport of Aerosolized PLGA Nanoparticles.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Impact of mucus modulation byInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2023Article
- On the path to predicting immune responses in the lung: Modeling the pulmonary innate immune system at the air-liquid interface (ALI).European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2023Review
- Increasing Cellular Uptake and Permeation of Curcumin Using a Novel Polymer-Surfactant Formulation.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- In vitro tools for orally inhaled drug products-state of the art for their application in pharmaceutical research and industry and regulatory challenges.In vitro models · 2022Review
- A comparison of three mucus-secreting airway cell lines (Calu-3, SPOC1 and UNCN3T) for use as biopharmaceutical models of the nose and lung.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2021Article
- Aerosolization Performance, Antitussive Effect and Local Toxicity of Naringenin-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inhalation Solution for Pulmonary Delivery.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Article
- A Custom-Made Device for Reproducibly Depositing Pre-metered Doses of Nebulized Drugs on Pulmonary CellsFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- A BioinspiredFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of PEGylated PEI for Anti-IL-8/CxCL-1 siRNA Delivery to the Lungs.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Development of an In Vitro System to Study the Interactions of Aerosolized Drugs with Pulmonary Mucus.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Characterization, in Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of Naringenin-Hydroxypropyl-ß-Cyclodextrin Inclusion for Pulmonary Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Biological Obstacles for IdentifyingPharmaceutics · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPulmonary drug delivery is characterized by short onset times of the effects and an increased therapeutic ratio compared to oral drug delivery. This delivery route can be used for local as well as for systemic absorption applying drugs as single substance or as a fixed dose combination. Drugs can be delivered as nebulized aerosols or as dry powders. A screening system able to mimic delivery by the different devices might help to assess the drug effect in the different formulations and to identify potential interference between drugs in fixed dose combinations. The present study evaluates manual devices used in animal studies for their suitability for cellular studies.
methodsCalu-3 cells were cultured submersed and in air-liquid interface culture and characterized regarding mucus production and transepithelial electrical resistance. The influence of pore size and material of the transwell membranes and of the duration of air-liquid interface culture was assessed. Compounds were applied in solution and as aerosols generated by MicroSprayer IA-1C Aerosolizer or by DP-4 Dry Powder Insufflator using fluorescein and rhodamine 123 as model compounds. Budesonide and formoterol, singly and in combination, served as examples for drugs relevant in pulmonary delivery. RESULTS AND
conclusionsMembrane material and duration of air-liquid interface culture had no marked effect on mucus production and tightness of the cell monolayer. Co-application of budesonide and formoterol, applied in solution or as aerosol, increased permeation of formoterol across cells in air-liquid interface culture. Problems with the DP-4 Dry Powder Insufflator included compound-specific delivery rates and influence on the tightness of the cell monolayer. These problems were not encountered with the MicroSprayer IA-1C Aerosolizer. The combination of Calu-3 cells and manual aerosol generation devices appears suitable to identify interactions of drugs in fixed drug combination products on permeation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.