Trial reportPloS one2015
Relative Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in People with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Calcium signaling pathway implicates a shared genetic basis between psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Impact of Schizophrenia on Inpatient Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From the 2005-2020 United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Depression, Anxiety, and Bipolar Disorder and Atherosclerosis.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Do patients with bipolar disorders have an increased risk of stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Neighborhood deprivation and coronary heart disease in patients with bipolar disorder.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Severe mental illness and mortality and coronary revascularisation following a myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Mental health disorders among patients with acute myocardial infarction in the United States.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular disease in patients with severe mental illness.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2021Review
- Schizophrenia Plays a Negative Role in the Pathological Development of Myocardial Infarction at Multiple Biological Levels.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Medical Comorbidities in 181 Patients With Bipolar DisorderFrontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Association between antipsychotic use and acute ischemic heart disease in women but not in men: a retrospective cohort study of over one million primary care patients.BMC medicine · 2020Article
- Incidence of ischaemic heart disease and stroke among people with psychiatric disorders: retrospective cohort study.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2020Article
- Call to action regarding the vascular-bipolar link: A report from the Vascular Task Force of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders.Bipolar disorders · 2020Review
- Bipolar depression: a major unsolved challenge.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2020Review
- miRNA-Coordinated Schizophrenia Risk Network Cross-Talk With Cardiovascular Repair and Opposed Gliomagenesis.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Why are somatic diseases in bipolar disorder insufficiently treated?International journal of bipolar disorders · 2019Review
- Medical Comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder.Current psychiatry reports · 2018Review
- Prevalence, incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease in patients with pooled and specific severe mental illness: a large-scale meta-analysis of 3,211,768 patients and 113,383,368 controls.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2017Article
- Article
- 30-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk for Young Adults with Serious Mental Illness.General hospital psychiatryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDespite high mortality associated with serious mental illness, risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear, especially for patients with bipolar disorder. The main objective was to investigate the relative risk of AMI associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders in a national sample.
methodUsing nationwide administrative data, an 11-year historic cohort study was assembled, comprised of cases aged 18 and above who had received a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, compared to a random sample of all other adults excluding those with diagnoses of serious mental illness. Incident AMI as a primary diagnosis was ascertained. Hazard ratios stratified by age and gender were calculated and Cox regression models were used to adjust for other covariates.
resultsA total of 70,225 people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and 207,592 people without serious mental illness were compared. Hazard ratios in men adjusted for age, income and urbanization were 1.15 (95% CI 1.01~1.32) for schizophrenia and 1.37 (1.08~1.73)for bipolar disorder, and in women, 1.85 (1.58~2.18) and 1.88(1.47~2.41) respectively. Further adjustment for treated hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia attenuated the hazard ratio for men with schizophrenia but not the other comparison groups. Hazard ratios were significantly stronger in women than men and were stronger in younger compared to older age groups for both disorders; however, gender modification was only significant in people with schizophrenia, and age modification only significant in people with bipolar disorder.
conclusionsIn this large national sample, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were associated with raised risk of AMI in women and in the younger age groups although showed differences in potential confounding and modifying factors.
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