ArticleAmerican journal of public health2015
Smoking Norms and the Regulation of E-Cigarettes.
Article in American journal of public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03786042 (Does Exposure to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Advertising Affect Positive Smoking Expectancies and Social Normative Beliefs About Smoking?), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Does Exposure to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Advertising Affect Positive Smoking Expectancies and Social Normative Beliefs About Smoking?
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Global trends in e-cigarette regulatory compliance: A bibliometric analysis of policies and emerging challenges.Medicine · 2026Article
- Association of naturalistic e-cigarette use and smoking cessation in US adults.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Restructuring areas, reshaping norms: Denormalizing (e-)cigarette use in Swiss vocational and high schools.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Article
- Co-occurring Change in Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) and Cigarette Harm Perceptions and Use in Young Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Tobacco harm reduction in Afghanistan: a recipe for improving smokers' health.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2023Article
- The effect of vaping cues in e-cigarette advertisements on normative perceptions about cigarettes among young adults who use cigarettes and e-cigarettes in Boston.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- A thematic analysis of smokers' and non-smokers' accounts of E-cigarettes.Journal of health psychology · 2022Article
- Changes in childhood experimentation with, and exposure to, tobacco and e-cigarettes and perceived smoking norms: a repeated cross-sectional study of 10-11 year olds' in Wales.BMC public health · 2021Article
- E-Cigarette Advertising in the UK: A Content Analysis of Traditional and Social Media Advertising to Observe Compliance with Current Regulations.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Effectiveness of Behavioral and Pharmacological Smoking Cessation Treatment in Patients with Failed Attempt at Quitting with E-cigarettes.Turkish thoracic journal · 2020Article
- Young people's use of e-cigarettes in Wales, England and Scotland before and after introduction of EU Tobacco Products Directive regulations: a mixed-method natural experimental evaluation.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- Social norms for e-cigarettes and smoking: associations with initiation of e-cigarette use, intentions to quit smoking and quit attempts: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys.European journal of public health · 2020Article
- Inequalities, harm reduction and non-combustible nicotine products: a meta-ethnography of qualitative evidence.BMC public health · 2020Review
- Normative Substance Use Antecedents among Sexual Minorities: A Scoping Review and Synthesis.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2020Article
- Welsh Primary Schoolchildren's Perceptions of Electronic Cigarettes: A Mixed Methods Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Adolescents' perceptions of tobacco accessibility and smoking norms and attitudes in response to the tobacco point-of-sale display ban in Scotland: results from the DISPLAY Study.Tobacco control · 2020Article
- Associations of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Smoking and Parental E-Cigarette Use with 10-11-Year-Old Children's Perceptions of Tobacco Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes: Cross Sectional Analysis of the CHETS Wales 3 Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- A qualitative study of e-cigarette emergence and the potential for renormalisation of smoking in UK youth.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- The effect of school smoke-free policies on smoking stigmatization: A European comparison study among adolescents.PloS one · 2020Article
- Tobacco Marketing and Subsequent Use of Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Hookah in Adolescents.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byVoigt Responds.2016
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS)-commonly called e-cigarettes-are at the center of a polarized debate. How should they be regulated? Central to this debate is the concern that e-cigarettes could lead to the renormalization of smoking and that the regulation of ENDS should therefore be modeled on the regulation of conventional cigarettes. I argue that arguments based on the renormalization of smoking can lend support to restrictions on marketing of ENDS, but that such arguments are problematic when used to justify restrictions on where ENDS can be used. The debate has been insufficiently sensitive to the ethical complexities of attempts to manipulate social norms to change health behaviors; these complexities must also inform the debate about ENDS and their regulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.