ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2015
Microscopic colitis: A review of etiology, treatment and refractory disease.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Celiac Disease Is Associated with Microscopic Colitis in Refractory Cases in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Evaluation of Melatonin Secretion and Metabolism Exponents in Patients with Ulcerative and Lymphocytic Colitis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Trial
- Article
- Collagenous Colitis in a Young Adult: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Gemifloxacin ameliorates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via modulation of inflammatory, oxidative, and adhesive biomarkers and histopathological changes in rats.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Microscopic Colitis: An Underestimated Disease of Growing Importance.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Microscopic colitis found together with celiac disease in a female population is associated with one episode of lymphocytic colitis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with pre-existing microscopic colitis after exposure to PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Reduced Intake of Dietary Tryptophan Improves Beneficial Action of Budesonide in Patients with Lymphocytic Colitis and Mood Disorders.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Atherosclerotic Disease in Microscopic Colitis Patients.Gastro hep advances · 2023Article
- Lymphocytic colitis associated with entacapone.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2022Article
- A Small Blemish: Isotretinoin-Induced Microscopic Colitis.ACG case reports journal · 2022Article
- Proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for the treatment of collagenous colitis.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Engineered T cells and their therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases.Zoological research · 2022Review
- Obesity is associated with decreased risk of microscopic colitis in women.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Vedolizumab blocks α4β7 integrin-mediated T cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1 in microscopic colitis.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Concurrent Collagenous Gastritis and Collagenous Colitis: A Case Presentation and Review of the Literature.Middle East journal of digestive diseases · 2022Article
- Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia in a patient with lymphocytic colitis.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microscopic colitis is a common cause of chronic, nonbloody diarrhea. Microscopic colitis is more common in women than men and usually affects patients in their sixth and seventh decade. This article reviews the etiology and medical management of microscopic colitis. The etiology of microscopic colitis is unknown, but it is associated with autoimmune disorders, such as celiac disease, polyarthritis, and thyroid disorders. Smoking has been identified as a risk factor of microscopic colitis. Exposure to medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, is suspected to play a role in microscopic colitis, although their direct causal relationship has not been proven. Multiple medications, including corticosteroids, anti-diarrheals, cholestyramine, bismuth, 5-aminosalicylates, and immunomodulators, have been used to treat microscopic colitis with variable response rates. Budesonide is effective in inducing and maintaining clinical remission but relapse rate is as high as 82% when budesonide is discontinued. There is limited data on management of steroid-dependent microscopic colitis or refractory microscopic colitis. Immunomodulators seem to have low response rate 0%-56% for patients with refractory microscopic colitis. Response rate 66%-100% was observed for use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for refractory microscopic colitis. Anti-TNF and diverting ileostomy may be an option in severe or refractory microscopic colitis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.