Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26269371›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2015

Effects of a behavioral intervention that emphasizes spices and herbs on adherence to recommended sodium intake: results of the SPICE randomized clinical trial.

Cheryl A M Anderson, Laura K Cobb, Edgar R Miller, Mark Woodward, Annette Hottenstein, Alex R Chang, Morgana Mongraw-Chaffin, Karen White, Jeanne Charleston, Toshiko Tanaka and 2 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01615159 nacompletednot on this map

Maintenance of Recommended Sodium Intake

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthRan2012 to 2014Enrolled55ConditionsMaintenance of Recommended Sodium IntakeArmsBehavior and lifestyle counseling
NCT05587855 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Effects of eCulinary Medicine Emphasizing Herbs and Spices to Increase Vegetable Consumption Among Adults With Hypertension

TypeinterventionalSponsorTexas Tech UniversityRan2021 to 2023Enrolled18ConditionsHypertension, Diet, Healthy, Culinary MedicineArmsE-group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  20. Effects of salt intake reduction by urinary sodium to potassium ratio self-monitoring method.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Cheryl A M AndersonDivision of Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; c1anderson@ucsd.edu.
Laura K CobbDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD;
Edgar R MillerDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and.
Mark WoodwardThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
Annette HottensteinSensational Sustenance Inc., Baltimore, MD;
Alex R ChangDivision of Nephrology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA;
Morgana Mongraw-ChaffinDivision of Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA;
Karen WhiteDivision of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and.
Jeanne CharlestonDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and.
Toshiko TanakaNational Institute of Aging, Translational Gerontology Branch, Baltimore, MD.
Letitia ThomasDivision of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and.
Lawrence J AppelDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and.

Funding

UCSD Integrated Cardiovascular Epidemiology FellowshipT32HL079891 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Matthew A Allison · 2007 to 2026
$6.7M
Effects of Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake on Subclinical and Clinical CardioK01HL092595 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERSON, CHERYL ANN MARIE · 2008 to 2012
$696k
NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL092595NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL079891
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFor decades, dietary sodium intake in the United States has remained high, and few studies have examined strategies for maintaining recommended intakes.

objectiveWe examined the effects of a behavioral intervention, which emphasized spices and herbs, on the maintenance of sodium intake at the recommended intake of 1500 mg/d in individuals to whom the US Dietary Guidelines for Americans apply.

designWe conducted a 2-phase study that included adults ≥18 y of age for whom Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends 1500 mg Na/d. The study was conducted in Baltimore, Maryland, from 2012 to 2014. In phase 1, 55 individuals consumed a low-sodium diet for 4 wk. Participants were provided all foods, snacks, and calorie-containing drinks. In phase 2, 40 participants from phase 1 were randomly assigned to either a behavioral intervention to reduce sodium intake (n = 20) or a self-directed control group (n = 20) for 20 wk. The primary study outcome was the change in mean 24-h urinary sodium excretion during phase 2. Linear regression analyses were used to determine intervention effects on urinary sodium excretion.

resultsParticipant characteristics were as follows: women: 65%; African American: 88%; hypertension: 63%; diabetes: 18%; mean age: 61 y; and mean body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 30. At the end of phase 2, mean 24-h sodium excretion was lower in the behavioral intervention than in the self-directed group (mean difference: -956.8 mg/d; 95% CI: -1538.7, -374.9 mg/d) after sodium intake at screening was controlled for (P = 0.002). These findings persisted in sensitivity analyses that excluded potentially incomplete urine collections [Mage's equation mean difference: -1090 mg/d (P = 0.001); Joosens' equation mean difference: -796 mg/d (P = 0.04)].

conclusionsA multifactorial behavioral intervention emphasizing spices and herbs significantly reduced sodium intake. Because of the ubiquity of sodium in the US food supply, multilevel strategies addressing individual behaviors and the food supply are needed to improve adherence to recommendations. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01615159.

Indexed as

Feeding BehaviorPatient ComplianceRecommended Dietary AllowancesSpicesAgedBaltimoreBlack or African AmericanBody Mass IndexDiet, Sodium-RestrictedEnergy IntakeFemaleHealth BehaviorHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedSodium, Dietaryadherencebehavioral interventionclinical trialdietsodium

Identifiers

PMID26269371
PMCPMC4548171

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.