ReviewToxins2015
Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Piriformis Muscle Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Review in Toxins, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04387877 (The Effect of Graston Technique in Deep Gluteal Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Graston Technique in Deep Gluteal Syndrome
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Piriformis syndrome: a systematic review of case reports.BMC surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Elite runner with piriformis syndrome treated with botulinum toxin and gait retraining.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Ultrasound guided transabdominal botulinum toxin injection for refractory overactive bladder treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Aberrant cerebral activity in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm: a resting-state functional MRI study.Brain structure & function · 2025Article
- Deep Gluteal syndrome: An underestimated cause of posterior hip pain.Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2024Review
- Division of neuromuscular compartments and localization of the center of the intramuscular nerve-dense region in pelvic wall muscles based on Sihler's staining.Anatomical science international · 2024Article
- Looking beyond Piriformis Syndrome: Is It Really the Piriformis?Hip & pelvis · 2023Review
- Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Botulinum Toxin, Ozone, and Lidocaine in Piriformis Syndrome.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Visualizing Anatomic Variants of the Sciatic Nerve Using Diagnostic Ultrasound During Piriformis Muscle Injection: An Example of 4 Cases.Journal of chiropractic medicine · 2022Article
- Use of botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of piriformis syndrome: A systematic review.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2022Article
- Trigger Point Injections.Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Surgical and Non-surgical Treatment Options for Piriformis Syndrome: A Literature Review.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Review
- Piriformis syndrome: pain response outcomes following CT-guided injection and incremental value of botulinum toxin injection.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2021Article
- Ultrasound appears to be a reliable technique for the diagnosis of piriformis syndrome.Muscle & nerve · 2019Article
- Intra-articular injection of botulinum toxin type A for shoulder pain in glenohumeral osteoarthritis: a case series summary and review of the literature.Journal of pain research · 2018Article
- Functional popliteal artery entrapment syndrome: use of ultrasound guided Botox injection as a non-surgical treatment option.Skeletal radiology · 2017Article
- Arthroscopic Piriformis Release-A Technique for Sciatic Nerve Decompression.Arthroscopy techniques · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Piriformis muscle syndrome (PMS) is caused by prolonged or excessive contraction of the piriformis muscle associated with pain in the buttocks, hips, and lower limbs because of the close proximity to the sciatic nerve. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) reduces muscle hypertonia as well as muscle contracture and pain inhibiting substance P release and other inflammatory factors. BoNT-A injection technique is important considering the difficult access of the needle for deep location, the small size of the muscle, and the proximity to neurovascular structures. Ultrasound guidance is easy to use and painless and several studies describe its use during BoNT-A administration in PMS. In the present review article, we briefly updated current knowledge regarding the BoNT therapy of PMS, describing also a case report in which this syndrome was treated with an ultrasound-guided injection of incobotulinumtoxin A. Pain reduction with an increase of hip articular range of motion in this patient with PMS confirmed the effectiveness of BoNT-A injection for the management of this syndrome.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.