ArticleEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM2015
The Mechanism Underlying the Antibacterial Activity of Shikonin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Article in Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Volatile Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (VNADESs) for Extraction of Shikonin Derivatives fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial activity and toxicological evaluation of didecyldimethyl-ammonium chloride complexed with fatty alcohol ethoxylate.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Sequential eradication of bacterial persisters: integrating phytochemical pharmacology with microenvironment-responsive delivery strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Biodegradation of Juglone by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis, the Causal Agent of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Bacterial Blight.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2025Article
- A Screen of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plant Extracts Reveals 17 Species with Antimicrobial Properties.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Antibacterial phenolic compounds from the flowering plants of Asia and the Pacific: coming to the light.Pharmaceutical biology · 2024Review
- Antibacterial activity of structurally diverse natural prenylated isobavachalcone derivatives.RSC advances · 2024Article
- Pharmacological Significance ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Pharmacological Effects of Shikonin and Its Potential in Skin Repair: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Natural Plant-Derived Compounds in Food and Cosmetics: A Paradigm of Shikonin and Its Derivatives.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Evaluation of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antibacterial agents: activity and mechanistic studies.Frontiers of environmental science & engineering · 2023Article
- Bacterial responses to plant antimicrobials: the case of alkannin and shikonin derivatives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- PLA-HPG based coating enhanced anti-biofilm and wound healing of Shikonin in MRSA-infected burn wound.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Pharmacological and analytical aspects of alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives: An update from 2008 to 2022.Chinese herbal medicines · 2022Review
- Synergistic Antibacterial Activity with Conventional Antibiotics and Mechanism of Action of Shikonin against Methicillin-ResistantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Synergistic In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Triton X-100 and Metformin againstMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Control of FoodborneFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Role of PKM2 in Metabolic Reprogramming: Insights into the Regulatory Roles of Non-Coding RNAs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Shikonin Alleviates Endothelial Cell Injury Induced by ox-LDL via AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Thioredoxin Reductase Is a Valid Target for Antimicrobial Therapeutic Development Against Gram-Positive Bacteria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shikonin (SKN), a highly liposoluble naphthoquinone pigment isolated from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, is known to exert antibacterial, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antitumor effects. The aim of this study was to examine SKN antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The SKN was analyzed in combination with membrane-permeabilizing agents Tris and Triton X-100, ATPase inhibitors sodium azide and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and S. aureus-derived peptidoglycan; the effects on MRSA viability were evaluated by the broth microdilution method, time-kill test, and transmission electron microscopy. Addition of membrane-permeabilizing agents or ATPase inhibitors together with a low dose of SKN potentiated SKN anti-MRSA activity, as evidenced by the reduction of MRSA cell density by 75% compared to that observed when SKN was used alone; in contrast, addition of peptidoglycan blocked the antibacterial activity of SKN. The results indicate that the anti-MRSA effect of SKN is associated with its affinity to peptidoglycan, the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane, and the activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. This study revealed the potential of SKN as an effective natural antibiotic and of its possible use to substantially reduce the use of existing antibiotic may also be important for understanding the mechanism underlying the antibacterial activity of natural compounds.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.