ReviewMethods (San Diego, Calif.)2016
For whom the cells pull: Hydrogel and micropost devices for measuring traction forces.
Review in Methods (San Diego, Calif.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Suspended Tissue Open Microfluidic Patterning (STOMP).Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Micropillars in Cell Mechanobiology: Design, Fabrication, Characterization, and Biosensing Applications.Small science · 2025Review
- Suspended Tissue Open Microfluidic Patterning (STOMP).bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Rapid Video Analysis for Contraction Synchrony of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Cardiac Tissues.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Cell Architecture and Dynamics of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) on Hydrogels with Spatially Patterned Laminin and N-Cadherin.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- 3D Traction Force Microscopy in Biological Gels: From Single Cells to Multicellular Spheroids.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2024Review
- Field Guide to Traction Force Microscopy.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2024Review
- In silico analysis shows that dynamic changes in curvature guide cell migration over long distances.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2024Article
- Nuclear deformation regulates YAP dynamics in cancer associated fibroblasts.Acta biomaterialia · 2024Article
- Engineering tools for quantifying and manipulating forces in epithelia.Biophysics reviews · 2023Review
- Unlocking the potential of stem cells: Their crucial role in the production of cultivated meat.Current research in food science · 2023Review
- Review
- A Co-Polymerizable Linker for the Covalent Attachment of Fibronectin Makes pHEMA Hydrogels Cell-Adhesive.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cooperation between myofibril growth and costamere maturation in human cardiomyocytes.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- A micromachined force sensing apparatus and method for human engineered cardiac tissue and induced pluripotent stem cell characterization.Sensors and actuators. A, Physical · 2021Article
- Size-Dependent Internalization Efficiency of Macrophages from Adsorbed Nanoparticle-Based Monolayers.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Substrate stiffness induces neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation through focal adhesion kinase activation.Biomaterials · 2021Article
- Quantifying cellular forces: Practical considerations of traction force microscopy for dermal fibroblasts.Experimental dermatology · 2021Review
- Article
- Touch-induced mechanical strain in somatosensory neurons is independent of extracellular matrix mutations inMolecular biology of the cell · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While performing several functions, adherent cells deform their surrounding substrate via stable adhesions that connect the intracellular cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. The traction forces that deform the substrate are studied in mechanotrasduction because they are affected by the mechanics of the extracellular milieu. We review the development and application of two methods widely used to measure traction forces generated by cells on 2D substrates: (i) traction force microscopy with polyacrylamide hydrogels and (ii) calculation of traction forces with arrays of deformable microposts. Measuring forces with these methods relies on measuring substrate displacements and converting them into forces. We describe approaches to determine force from displacements and elaborate on the necessary experimental conditions for this type of analysis. We emphasize device fabrication, mechanical calibration of substrates and covalent attachment of extracellular matrix proteins to substrates as key features in the design of experiments to measure cell traction forces with polyacrylamide hydrogels or microposts. We also report the challenges and achievements in integrating these methods with platforms for the mechanical stimulation of adherent cells. The approaches described here will enable new studies to understand cell mechanical outputs as a function of mechanical inputs and advance the understanding of mechanotransduction mechanisms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.