Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26261789›Full record

ArticleMuscles, ligaments and tendons journal

Muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration after an acute rotator cuff repair in a sheep model.

Tammy Luan, Xuhui Liu, Jeremiah T Easley, Bharat Ravishankar, Christian Puttlitz, Brian T Feeley

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Animal models for study on rotator cuff healing.World journal of orthopedics · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Preclinical tendon and ligament models: Beyond the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) to 5W1H (why, who, what, where, when, how).Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2023
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Progression of muscle loss and fat accumulation in a rabbit model of rotator cuff tear.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2022
    Article
  8. Untargeted metabolomics analysis identifies creatine, myo-inositol, and lipid pathway modulation in a murine model of tendinopathy.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Large animal models for the study of tendinopathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Animal models for study on rotator cuff injury.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Engineering.Regenerative engineering and translational medicine · 2019
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Tammy LuanDepartment of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Xuhui LiuDepartment of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Jeremiah T EasleyColorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Bharat RavishankarDepartment of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Christian PuttlitzColorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Brian T FeeleyDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
San Francisco VA Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionrotator cuff tears (RCTs) are the most common tendon injury seen in orthopedic patients. Muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the muscle are crucial factors that dictate the outcome following rotator cuff surgery. Though less studied in humans, rotator cuff muscle fibrosis has been seen in animal models as well and may influence outcomes as well. The purpose of this study was to determine if the rotator cuff would develop muscle changes even in the setting of an acute repair in a sheep model. We hypothesized that fatty infiltration and fibrosis would be present even after an acute repair six months after initial surgery.

methodstwelve female adult sheep underwent an acute rotator cuff tear and immediate repair on the right shoulder. The left shoulder served as a control and did not undergo a tear or a repair. Six months following acute rotator cuff repairs, sheep muscles were harvested to study atrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis by histological analysis, western blotting, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

resultsthe repair group demonstrated an increase expression of muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis related genes. Significantly increased adipocytes, muscle fatty infiltration, and collagen deposition was observed in rotator cuff muscles in the tendon repair group compared to the control group.

conclusionsrotator cuff muscle undergoes degradation changes including fatty infiltration and fibrosis even after the tendons are repair immediately after rupture. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Basic Science Study.

Indexed as

acute rotator cuff repairfatty infiltrationfibrosisPPARγSREBP-1

Identifiers

PMID26261789
PMCPMC4496009
OpenAlexW2465059901

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.