ReviewDrug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals2015
Review: Mechanisms of How the Intestinal Microbiota Alters the Effects of Drugs and Bile Acids.
Review in Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology.EBioMedicine · 2020Pooled it
- FXR-Dependent Modulation of the Human Small Intestinal Microbiome by the Bile Acid Derivative Obeticholic Acid.Gastroenterology · 2018Trial
- Gut Microbiota Modulation in CNS Disorders: Therapeutic Strategies and Implications for Drug Efficacy.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome disparities reflect type 2 diabetes progression and medication status.iScience · 2026Article
- A Narrative Review on Unravelling Bacterial-Mediated Carcinogenesis and Possible Alternative Treatment Strategies.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- Gut bacterialGut microbes reports · 2026Review
- Microbiome-Informed Dosing: Exploring Gut Microbial Communities Impact on Mycophenolate Enterohepatic Circulation and Therapeutic Target Achievement.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the important role of hepatic fatty acid metabolism in the acute heat stress response in chickens.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Probiotics and Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Organ-Specific Impact.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Orchestration of Gut-Liver-Associated Transcription Factors in MAFLD: From Cross-Organ Interactions to Therapeutic Innovation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- ASOBIOTICS 2024: an interdisciplinary symposium on antisense-based programmable RNA antibiotics.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota interplay with autophagy-EMT dynamics in colorectal cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Dietary Influences on Gut Microbiota and Their Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).Nutrients · 2024Review
- Gut Microbiota Disruption in Hematologic Cancer Therapy: Molecular Insights and Implications for Treatment Efficacy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Advanced piperazine-containing inhibitors target microbial β-glucuronidases linked to gut toxicity.RSC chemical biology · 2024Article
- Is There an Interplay between Environmental Factors, Microbiota Imbalance, and Cancer Chemotherapy-Associated Intestinal Mucositis?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Gut Microbiome Affects Atherosclerosis by Regulating Reverse Cholesterol Transport.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2024Review
- Mechanisms and Clinical Implications of Human Gut Microbiota-Drug Interactions in the Precision Medicine Era.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Causal associations between gut microbiota and Cholestatic liver diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Information on the intestinal microbiota has increased exponentially this century because of technical advancements in genomics and metabolomics. Although information on the synthesis of bile acids by the liver and their transformation to secondary bile acids by the intestinal microbiota was the first example of the importance of the intestinal microbiota in biotransforming chemicals, this review will discuss numerous examples of the mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota alters the pharmacology and toxicology of drugs and other chemicals. More specifically, the altered pharmacology and toxicology of salicylazosulfapridine, digoxin, l-dopa, acetaminophen, caffeic acid, phosphatidyl choline, carnitine, sorivudine, irinotecan, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, heterocyclic amines, melamine, nitrazepam, and lovastatin will be reviewed. In addition, recent data that the intestinal microbiota alters drug metabolism of the host, especially Cyp3a, as well as the significance and potential mechanisms of this phenomenon are summarized. The review will conclude with an update of bile acid research, emphasizing the bile acid receptors (FXR and TGR5) that regulate not only bile acid synthesis and transport but also energy metabolism. Recent data indicate that by altering the intestinal microbiota, either by diet or drugs, one may be able to minimize the adverse effects of the Western diet by altering the composition of bile acids in the intestine that are agonists or antagonists of FXR and TGR5. Therefore, it may be possible to consider the intestinal microbiota as another drug target.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.