ReviewPaediatric drugs2015
Impact of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on School Performance: What are the Effects of Medication?
Review in Paediatric drugs, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- A post hoc analysis of the effect of viloxazine extended-release capsules on learning and school problems in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Trial
- The effect of stimulant medication on the learning of academic curricula in children with ADHD: A randomized crossover study.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- A Phase 3 Placebo-Controlled Trial of Once-Daily 400-mg and 600-mg SPN-812 (Viloxazine Extended-Release) in Adolescents with ADHD.Psychopharmacology bulletin · 2021Trial
- Methylphenidate-Related Improvements in Math Performance Cannot Be Explained by Better Cognitive Functioning or Higher Academic Motivation: Evidence From a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of attention disorders · 2020Trial
- How do stimulant treatments for ADHD work? Evidence for mediation by improved cognition.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2018Trial
- A Phase 3, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Once-Daily Viloxazine Extended-Release Capsules in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Journal of clinical psychopharmacologyTrial
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Patterns and Association With Clinical Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults with Co-Occurring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026Article
- When Development Falls out of Sync: A Developmental Timing Framework for Learning Disabilities.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Youth with Comorbid ADHD and PTSD: Insights from Real-World Data.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Academic Outcomes in Primary and Secondary School Students Prescribed Long-Acting Stimulants for ADHD Management.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Co-occurring Symptoms of ADHD, Autism, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Academic Impairment in Referred and Community Children.Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment · 2026Article
- Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with ADHD: A Scoping Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Awareness of Methylphenidate and Its Use: Experiences and Perceptions of Medical Students.Cureus · 2024Article
- Clarifying the relationship and analyzing the influential factors of bronchial asthma in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.World journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Treatment Utilization Pattern of Preschool Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Journal of attention disorders · 2024Article
- The mediating effects of mobile phone use on ADHD and educational outcomes: a two-step Mendelian randomisation study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- The impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorders on academic performance in Spanish children from a low-middle- and a high-income population.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Is genetic liability to ADHD and ASD causally linked to educational attainment?International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Gray Matter Network Associated With Attention in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects an estimated 5-7 % of schoolchildren worldwide. School functioning and academic achievement are frequently impaired by ADHD and represent one of the main reasons children start ADHD medication. Multiple potential causal pathways exist between ADHD and impaired school performance. In this review, we decompose school performance into three components and assess the impact of ADHD and its treatments on academic performance (assessed by grade point average [GPA], time on-task, percentage of work completed as well as percent completed correctly), academic skills (as measured by achievement tests and cognitive measures), and academic enablers (such as study skills, motivation, engagement, classroom behavior and interpersonal skills). Most studies examined only the short-term effects of medication on school performance. In these, ADHD medications have been observed to improve some aspects of school performance, with the largest impact on measures of academic performance such as seatwork productivity and on-task performance. In a subset of children, these benefits may translate into detectable improvements in GPA and achievement testing. However, limited data exists to support whether these changes are sustained over years. Optimizing medication effects requires periodic reassessment of school performance, necessitating a collaborative effort involving patients, parents, school staff and prescribers. Even with systematic reassessment, behavioral-based treatments and additional school-based services may be needed to maximize academic performance for the many youth with ADHD and prominent impairments in school performance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26259966What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.