ReviewFrontiers in immunology2015
iNKT Cells and Their Potential Lipid Ligands during Viral Infection.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases: Therapeutic Signaling Catalysts in Viral Immune Evasion.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Can invariant Natural Killer T cells drive B cell fate? a look at the humoral response.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Invariant natural killer T cells in lung diseases.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Graft-versus-Host Disease Modulation by Innate T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Early Activation of iNKT Cells Increased Survival Time of BALB/c Mice in a Murine Model of Melioidosis.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Preferential and persistent impact of acute HIV-1 infection on CD4Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Ceramide and Related Molecules in Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- High Frequency of Gamma Interferon-Producing PLZFJournal of virology · 2020Article
- Immune evasion of the CD1d/NKT cell axis.Current opinion in immunology · 2018Review
- NKT cells in liver diseases.Frontiers of medicine · 2018Review
- CD1-Restricted T Cells During Persistent Virus Infections: "Sympathy for the Devil".Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Vaccine Designs Utilizing Invariant NKT-Licensed Antigen-Presenting Cells Provide NKT or T Cell Help for B Cell Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- West Nile virus-infected human dendritic cells fail to fully activate invariant natural killer T cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2016Article
- How Rheumatoid Arthritis Can Result from Provocation of the Immune System by Microorganisms and Viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
- Editorial: CD1- and MR1-Restricted T Cells in Antimicrobial Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Article
- Invariant natural killer T cells minimally influence gut microbiota composition in mice.Gut microbesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique population of lipid-reactive CD1d-restricted innate-like T lymphocytes. Despite being a minor population, they serve as an early source of cytokines and promote immunological crosstalk thus bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Diseases ranging from allergy, autoimmunity, and cancer, as well as infectious diseases, including viral infection, have been reported to be influenced by iNKT cells. However, it remains unclear how iNKT cells are activated during viral infection, as virus-derived lipid antigens have not been reported. Cytokines may activate iNKT cells during infections from influenza and murine cytomegalovirus, although CD1d-dependent activation is evident in other viral infections. Several viruses, such as dengue virus, induce CD1d upregulation, which correlates with iNKT cell activation. In contrast, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Epstein-Barr virus, and human papilloma virus promote CD1d downregulation as a strategy to evade iNKT cell recognition. These observations suggest the participation of a CD1d-dependent process in the activation of iNKT cells in response to viral infection. Endogenous lipid ligands, including phospholipids as well as glycosphingolipids, such as glucosylceramide, have been proposed to mediate iNKT cell activation. Pro-inflammatory signals produced during viral infection may stimulate iNKT cells through enhanced CD1d-dependent endogenous lipid presentation. Furthermore, viral infection may alter lipid composition and inhibit endogenous lipid degradation. Recent advances in this field are reviewed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.