ArticleDrug testing and analysis2016
Controlled vaporized cannabis, with and without alcohol: subjective effects and oral fluid-blood cannabinoid relationships.
Article in Drug testing and analysis, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Inhaled Cannabis on Driving Performance
Effects of Cannabis/Alcohol on Driving Performance and Field Sobriety Tests
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychotomimetic symptoms after a moderate dose of a synthetic cannabinoid (JWH-018): implications for psychosis.Psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Effects of legal-market cannabis and alcohol on verbal learning and memory.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Cannabinoid profiling across toxicology samples in adolescents and young adults by route of administration and in relation to depression symptoms.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2025Article
- The association between cannabis and alcohol co-use and momentary subjective effects: Risks for increasingly hazardous cannabis use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Subjective responses to simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use relative to alcohol-only use and cannabis-only use: An ecological momentary assessment investigation.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Examining the Impact of Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis Use on Alcohol Consumption and Consequences: Protocol for an Observational Ambulatory Assessment Study in Young Adults.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- The effects of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use on subjective drug effects: A narrative review across methodologies.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Review
- Reduced fetal cerebral blood flow predicts perinatal mortality in a mouse model of prenatal alcohol and cannabinoid exposure.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Alcohol & cannabinoid co-use: Implications for impaired fetal brain development following gestational exposure.Experimental neurology · 2023Review
- Prenatal alcohol and tetrahydrocannabinol exposure: Effects on spatial and working memory.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The role of alcohol and cannabis co-use in drinking rate and its impact on consequences.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Behavioral economic interactions between cannabis and alcohol purchasing: Associations with disordered use.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- The effects of oral and vaporized cannabis alone, and in combination with alcohol, on driving performance using the STISIM driving simulator: A two-part, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover clinical laboratory protocol.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Protocol for a mobile laboratory study of co-administration of cannabis concentrates with a standard alcohol dose in humans.PloS one · 2022Article
- Adolescent exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and ethanol heightens sensitivity to fear stimuli.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
- Qualitative examination of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use reasons, evaluations, and patterns among heavy drinking young adults.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2021Article
- Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of a Novel EEG-Based Objective Test, the CognalyzerAdvances in therapy · 2021Article
- Disposition of Phytocannabinoids, Their Acidic Precursors and Their Metabolites in Biological Matrices of Healthy Individuals Treated with Vaporized Medical Cannabis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Ordering in alcohol and cannabis co-use: Impact on daily consumption and consequences.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Alcohol and marijuana co-use: Consequences, subjective intoxication, and the operationalization of simultaneous use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaporized cannabis and concurrent cannabis and alcohol intake are commonplace. We evaluated the subjective effects of cannabis, with and without alcohol, relative to blood and oral fluid (OF, advantageous for cannabis exposure screening) cannabinoid concentrations and OF/blood and OF/plasma vaporized-cannabinoid relationships. Healthy adult occasional-to-moderate cannabis smokers received a vaporized placebo or active cannabis (2.9% and 6.7% Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol, THC) with or without oral low-dose alcohol (~0.065g/210L peak breath alcohol concentration [BrAC]) in a within-subjects design. Blood and OF were collected up to 8.3 h post-dose and subjective effects measured at matched time points with visual-analogue scales and 5-point Likert scales. Linear mixed models evaluated subjective effects by THC concentration, BrAC, and interactions. Effects by time point were evaluated by dose-wise analysis of variance (ANOVA). OF versus blood or plasma cannabinoid ratios and correlations were evaluated in paired-positive specimens. Nineteen participants (13 men) completed the study. Blood THC concentration or BrAC significantly associated with subjective effects including 'high', while OF contamination prevented significant OF concentration associations <1.4 h post-dose. Subjective effects persisted through 3.3-4.3 h, with alcohol potentiating the duration of the cannabis effects. Effect-versus-THC concentration and effect-versus-alcohol concentration hystereses were counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively. OF/blood and OF/plasma THC significantly correlated (all Spearman r≥0.71), but variability was high. Vaporized cannabis subjective effects were similar to those previously reported after smoking, with duration extended by concurrent alcohol. Cannabis intake was identified by OF testing, but OF concentration variability limited interpretation. Blood THC concentrations were more consistent across subjects and more accurate at predicting cannabis' subjective effects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.