Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26254460›Full record

ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2016

Serum phosphorus and association with anemia among a large diverse population with and without chronic kidney disease.

Lac Tran, Michael Batech, Connie M Rhee, Elani Streja, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Steven J Jacobsen, John J Sim

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Targeting FGF23 to Ameliorate Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Soft tissue calcifications in chronic kidney disease-beyond the vasculature.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Lac TranDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Michael BatechDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Connie M RheeDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, CA, USA.
Elani StrejaDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, CA, USA.
Kamyar Kalantar-ZadehDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, CA, USA.
Steven J JacobsenDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA.
John J SimDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Kaiser Permanente · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USLos Angeles Medical Center · US

Funding

MALNUTRITION, DIET AND RACIAL DISPARITIES IN CKDK24DK091419 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI KALANTAR-ZADEH, KAMYAR · 2011 to 2020
$1.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK091419
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe hypothesized that phosphorus has an effect on anemia in both normal kidney function and early chronic kidney disease (CKD). We sought to determine whether higher phosphorus levels are associated with anemia in a large diverse population without CKD and early CKD.

methodsThis study is a historical population-based study within the Kaiser Permanente Southern California health system (1 January 1998 to 31 December 2013) among individuals aged 18 years and older with estimated glomerular filtration rate >30 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and measurements of serum phosphorus, creatinine and hemoglobin. Individuals were excluded if they had secondary causes of anemia. Odds ratio (OR) estimated for moderate anemia defined as hemoglobin <11 g/dL for both sexes. Mild anemia was defined as <12 g/dL (females) and <13 g/dL (males).

resultsAmong 155 974 individuals, 4.1% had moderate anemia and 12.9% had mild anemia. Serum phosphorus levels ≥3.5 mg/dL were associated with both mild and moderate anemia. Moderate anemia OR (95% confidence interval) was 1.16 (1.04-1.29) for every 0.5 mg/dL phosphorus increase and 1.26 (1.07-1.48) in the highest versus middle phosphorus tertile. Additional independent anemia risk factors, including female sex, Asian race, diabetes, low albumin and low iron saturation, were observed, but did not alter the anemia-phosphorus association.

conclusionsHigher phosphorus levels were associated with a greater likelihood for anemia in a population with early CKD and normal kidney function. Phosphorus may be a biomarker for anemia and may affect aspects of hematopoiesis.

Indexed as

AnemiaCaliforniaCohort StudiesFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHemoglobinsHumansMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioPhosphorusRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRisk FactorsHemoglobinsPhosphorusanemia riskepidemiologyserum phosphorus

Identifiers

PMID26254460
PMCPMC4805130
OpenAlexW1816124660

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.