ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2015
Resistance of Aerosolized Bacterial Viruses to Relative Humidity and Temperature.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A look into the virosphere of clouds: A world yet to be explored.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Latest Advances in Inhalable Dry Powder Bacteriophage Therapy for Pulmonary Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- A Review on Recent Trends in Bacteriophages for Post-Harvest Food Decontamination.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Optimized Aluminum Hydroxide Adsorption-Precipitation for Improved Viral Detection in Wastewater.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Persistence of Phi6, a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, in simulated indoor environments: Effects of humidity and material properties.PloS one · 2025Article
- A Pilot Study of Aerosolization of Infectious Murine Norovirus in an Experimental Setup.Food and environmental virology · 2024Article
- Review of factors affecting virus inactivation in aerosols and droplets.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Review
- Stochastic microbial dispersal drives local extinction and global diversity.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Dependence of aerosol-borne influenza A virus infectivity on relative humidity and aerosol composition.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Stability Considerations for Bacteriophages in Liquid Formulations Designed for Nebulization.Cells · 2023Review
- Article
- Carbohydrate vitrification in aerosolized saliva is associated with the humidity-dependent infectious potential of airborne coronavirus.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Salt and surfactant coated filters with antiviral properties and low pressure drop for prospective SARS-CoV2 applications.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Microbial ecology of the atmosphere.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Bacteriophages in the Control ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Targeted dose delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice using silicon antifoaming agent via aerosol exposure system.PloS one · 2022Article
- Quantitative Assessment of Viral Dispersion Associated with Respiratory Support Devices in a Simulated Critical Care Environment.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Article
- Review
- Performance of a Point-of-Care Test for the Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen.Microorganisms · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of aerosolized bacteriophages as surrogates for hazardous viruses might simplify and accelerate the discovery of links between viral components and their persistence in the airborne state under diverse environmental conditions. In this study, four structurally distinct lytic phages, MS2 (single-stranded RNA [ssRNA]), ϕ6 (double-stranded RNA [dsRNA]), ϕX174 (single-stranded DNA [ssDNA]), and PR772 (double-stranded DNA [dsDNA]), were nebulized into a rotating chamber and exposed to various levels of relative humidity (RH) and temperature as well as to germicidal UV radiation. The aerosolized viral particles were allowed to remain airborne for up to 14 h before being sampled for analysis by plaque assays and quantitative PCRs. Phages ϕ6 and MS2 were the most resistant at low levels of relative humidity, while ϕX174 was more resistant at 80% RH. Phage ϕ6 lost its infectivity immediately after exposure to 30°C and 80% RH. The infectivity of all tested phages rapidly declined as a function of the exposure time to UVC radiation, phage MS2 being the most resistant. Taken altogether, our data indicate that these aerosolized phages behave differently under various environmental conditions and highlight the necessity of carefully selecting viral simulants in bioaerosol studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.