ReviewNeurology2015
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and athletes.
Review in Neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04263337 (Neurologic Function Across the Lifespan), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neurologic Function Across the Lifespan: A Prospective, LONGitudinal, and Translational Study for Former National Football League Players
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Concussion and long-term cognitive impairment among professional or elite sport-persons: a systematic review.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- The glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic systems may converge, connecting traumatic brain injury progression with chronic traumatic encephalopathy onset.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2025Review
- p17/C18-ceramide-mediated mitophagy is an endogenous neuroprotective response in preclinical and clinical brain injury.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Using Automatic Assessment of Speech Production to Predict Current and Future Cognitive Function in Older Adults.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2021Article
- Occipital Tau Deposition and Astrogliosis After Traumatic Brain Injuries in a Kendo Player.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2021Article
- Severe Suicidality in Athletes with Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Case Series and Overview on Putative Ethiopathogenetic Mechanisms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Increased severity of closed head injury or repetitive subconcussive head impacts enhances post-traumatic headache-like behaviors in a rat model.Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2020Article
- Premortem Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Diagnoses in Professional Football.Annals of neurology · 2020Article
- Association between contact sports participation and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a retrospective cohort study.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Sports psychiatry: mental health and mental disorders in athletes and exercise treatment of mental disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2019Review
- Bleeding and Thromboembolism After Traumatic Brain Injury in the Elderly: A Real Conundrum.The Journal of surgical research · 2019Article
- Video corroboration of player incurred impacts using trunk worn sensors among national ice-hockey team members.PloS one · 2019Article
- Long-Term Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Consequences of Repetitive Concussion and Head-Impact Exposure.Journal of athletic training · 2017Review
- If You're Not Measuring, You're Guessing: The Advent of Objective Concussion Assessments.Journal of athletic training · 2017Review
- Suicide Mortality Among Retired National Football League Players Who Played 5 or More Seasons.The American journal of sports medicine · 2016Article
- Football Players' Head-Impact Exposure After Limiting of Full-Contact Practices.Journal of athletic training · 2016Article
- [Mental disorders after mild traumatic brain injury].Der Nervenarzt · 2016Review
- Does a Unique Neuropsychiatric Profile Currently Exist for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy?Current sports medicine reportsReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent case reports have described athletes previously exposed to repetitive head trauma while participating in contact sports who later in life developed mood disorders, headaches, cognitive difficulties, suicidal ideation, difficulties with speech, and aggressive behavior. Postmortem discoveries show that some of these athletes have pathologic findings that are collectively termed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Current hypotheses suggest that concussions or perhaps blows to the head that do not cause the signs and symptoms necessary for making the diagnosis of concussion, so-called subconcussive blows, cause both the clinical and pathologic findings. There are, however, some athletes who participate in contact sports who do not develop the findings ascribed to CTE. Furthermore, there are people who have headaches, mood disorders, cognitive difficulties, suicidal ideation, and other clinical problems who have neither been exposed to repeated head trauma nor possessed the pathologic postmortem findings of those currently diagnosed with CTE. The current lack of prospective data and properly designed case-control studies limits the current understanding of CTE, leading to debate about the causes of the neuropathologic findings and the clinical observations. Given the potential for referral and recall bias in available studies, it remains unclear whether or not the pathologic findings made postmortem cause the presumed neurobehavioral sequela and whether the presumed risk factors, such as sports activity, cerebral concussions, and subconcussive blows, are solely causative of the clinical signs and symptoms. This article discusses the current evidence and the associated limitations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.