ArticleCalcified tissue international2015
A Case of Hypercalcemia and Overexpression of CYP27B1 in Skeletal Muscle Lesions in a Patient with HIV Infection After Cosmetic Injections with Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) for Wasting.
Article in Calcified tissue international, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Renal Complications Associated with Silicone, Methacrylate, and Oil-Based Fillers: A Systematic Review.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Treatment of hypercalcemia related to polymethylmethacrylate injection: report of three cases.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- A Case of Hypercalcemia from PTHrP-Producing Fibromyxoid Sarcoma Responsive to Glucocorticoid Therapy.Calcified tissue international · 2023Article
- Safety and Efficiency of Minimally Invasive Buttock Augmentation: A Review.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Review
- Harm Reduction in Male Patients Actively Using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) and Performance-Enhancing Drugs (PEDs): a Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Review
- Physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of extra renal CYP27b1: Case report and review.Bone reports · 2018Article
- Hypercalcemia Secondary to Silicone Breast Implant Rupture: A Rare Entity to Keep in Mind.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2017Article
- Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia due to Impaired Renal Tubular Calcium Excretion in a Type 2 Diabetic Patient.Case reports in endocrinology · 2017Article
- Case reports of hypercalcemia and chronic renal disease due to cosmetic injections of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
- Calcitriol-mediated hypercalcemia secondary to granulomatous disease caused by soft-tissue filler injection: a case report.Clinical cases in mineral and bone metabolism : the official journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal DiseasesArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Foreign body-induced granuloma is an uncommon yet clinically significant cause of hypercalcemia. The molecular mechanisms are uncertain, although extrarenal calcitriol production has been proposed. We describe severe hypercalcemia associated with increased levels of plasma calcitriol in a patient with HIV and local granulomatous reaction 5 years after injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as dermal filler for cosmetic body sculpting. Extensive evaluation revealed no identifiable cause of increased calcitriol levels. Nuclear imaging was remarkable for diffuse uptake in the subcutaneous tissues of the buttocks. Subsequent muscle biopsy and immunohistochemical staining showed strong local expression of CYP27B1 within histiocytes surrounding globules of PMMA. This case highlights an unfortunate complication of dermal fillers and shows that inflammatory cells can express high levels of CYP27B1 even without frank granulomas. The growing trend of body contour enhancement using injectable fillers should raise suspicion for this cause of hypercalcemia in clinical practice. Patients with HIV who receive this treatment for lipodystrophy or other cosmetic purposes may have increased susceptibility to hypercalcemia in the setting of underlying chronic inflammation. This may be a concern when changing anti-retroviral therapy, since alterations in levels of HIV viremia may initiate or contribute to worsening hypercalcemia.
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