ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2016
Alteration of brainstem raphe measured by transcranial sonography in depression patients with or without Parkinson's disease.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Efficacy Study of Escitalopram Combined With Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Patients With Post-Ischemic Stroke Depression and Anxiety.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- State-of-the-Art Transcranial Sonography for Neuropsychiatric and Dementia Disorders: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnostic Use of Transcranial Doppler and Sonography: A Scoping Review of Current Applications and Future Directions.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Echogenicity Changes in Brainstem Raphe Detected by Transcranial Parenchymal Sonography and Clinical Characteristics in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Possible Involvement of Tissue Plasminogen Activator/Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Pathway in Anti-Depressant Effects of Electroacupuncture in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression in Rats.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Echogenic alteration in the raphe nuclei measured by transcranial sonography in patients with Parkinson disease and depression.Medicine · 2018Article
- Transcranial sonography image characteristics in different Parkinson's disease subtypes.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2017Article
- Article
- Raphe Nuclei Echogenicity and Diameter of Third Ventricle in Schizophrenia Measured by Transcranial Sonography.Basic and clinical neuroscienceArticle
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to assess the alteration of the brainstem raphe (BR) on transcranial sonography (TCS) in depression patients with or without Parkinson's disease (PD) and to explore whether the different changes of BR could reflect an increasing impairment of raphe structures. TCS was performed in patients with PD, depression with PD, depression only, and controls. Using the red nucleus as an internal standard, the BR was rated semi-quantitatively from grades 1-4 with grades 1-3 determined as abnormal. The rate of abnormal BR (≤grade 3) was found to be only 10 % in patients with PD (4/40) and 5 % in control patients (2/40). The rate of abnormal raphe was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with both depression and PD (85 %, 34/40) or patients with depression only (87.5 %, 35/40). TCS of the raphe in most patients with mild depression scored grade 3, while those with moderate depression scored grade 2-3, and those with severe depression scored grade 1. The different BR echogenicity score reflected an increasing impairment of raphe structures in depression patients with or without PD (p < 0.05). TCS provides a good tool for assessing depression, more severe depressive symptoms were associated with different aspects in TCS studies.
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