ArticlePloS one2015
Norepinephrine and Epinephrine Enhanced the Infectivity of Enterovirus 71.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The clinical value of aquaporin-4 in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease and the effect of magnesium sulfate on its expression: a prospective randomized clinical trial.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019Trial
- Profiles of stress hormones in relation to DENV serotypes among dengue-positive patients.PloS one · 2026Article
- The key mechanisms of multi-system responses triggered by central nervous system damage in hand, foot, and mouth disease severity.Infectious medicine · 2024Review
- Milrinone effects on cardiac mitochondria, hemodynamics, and death in catecholamine-infused rats.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Dengue Virus Replication Is Associated with Catecholamine Biosynthesis and Metabolism in Hepatocytes.Viruses · 2022Article
- Association of Hepatitis C Virus Replication with the Catecholamine Biosynthetic Pathway.Viruses · 2021Article
- Clinical and Immune Responses of Peripheral Chemical Sympathectomy in Enterovirus 71 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- [Enterovirus 71 can induce autophagy and apoptosis of THP-1 macrophages].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2020Article
- Cardiopulmonary failure in children infected with Enterovirus A71.Journal of biomedical science · 2020Review
- Molecular Pathogenicity of Enteroviruses Causing Neurological Disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Continuous hemodiafiltration as a rescue therapy for patients with cardiopulmonary failure caused by enterovirus-71: a retrospective observational study in a PICU.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Observational
- Enterovirus 71 targets the cardiopulmonary system in a robust oral infection mouse model.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- An overview of the role of sympathetic regulation of immune responses in infectious disease and autoimmunity.International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2018Review
- Milrinone in Enterovirus 71 Brain Stem Encephalitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEnterovirus 71 (EV71) infections may be associated with neurological complications, including brainstem encephalitis (BE). Severe EV71 BE may be complicated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation and/or pulmonary edema (PE). ANS dysregulation is related to the overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, which results from catecholamine release.
objectiveThe aims of this study were to explore the effects of catecholamines on severe EV71 infection and to investigate the changes in the percentages of EV71-infected cells, virus titer, and cytokine production on the involvement of catecholamines. STUDY
designPlasma levels of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EP) in EV71-infected patients were measured using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. The expression of adrenergic receptors (ADRs) on RD, A549, SK-N-SH, THP-1, Jurkat and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) were detected using flow cytometry. The percentages of EV71-infected cells, virus titer, and cytokine production were investigated after treatment with NE and EP.
resultsThe plasma levels of NE and EP were significantly higher in EV71-infected patients with ANS dysregulation and PE than in controls. Both α1A- and β2-ADRs were expressed on A549, RD, SK-N-SH, HL-60, THP-1, Jurkat cells and hPBMCs. NE treatment elevated the percentages of EV71-infected cells to 62.9% and 22.7% in THP-1 and Jurkat cells, respectively. Via treatment with EP, the percentages of EV71-infected cells were increased to 64.6% and 26.9% in THP-1 and Jurkat cells. The percentage of EV71-infected cells increased upon NE or EP treatment while the α- and β-blockers reduced the percentages of EV71-infected cells with NE or EP treatment. At least two-fold increase in virus titer was observed in EV71-infected A549, SK-N-SH and hPBMCs after treatment with NE or EP. IL-6 production was enhanced in EV71-infected hPBMCs at a concentration of 102 pg/mL NE.
conclusionThe plasma levels of NE and EP elevated in EV71-infected patients with ANS dysregulation and PE. Both NE and EP enhanced the percentages of infected cells and virus titers in EV71 infection in vitro. NE and EP may play a role in the pathogenesis of EV71 BE complicated with ANS dysregulation and PE.
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