ArticlePloS one2015
Microglial Activation Promotes Cell Survival in Organotypic Cultures of Postnatal Mouse Retinal Explants.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photoreceptor preservation by FAAH inhibition in a murine model of retinitis pigmentosa.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Ocular immune homeostasis-mechanisms of precise regulation through coordination of the eye, visual system and beyond: a narrative review.Annals of eye science · 2026Article
- Systemic Inflammation Aggravates Retinal Ganglion Cell Vulnerability to Optic Nerve Trauma in Adult Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Correlation with Disease Severity.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Peripapillary microvasculature changes after vitrectomy in epiretinal membrane via swept-source OCT angiography.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Incorporating microglia-like cells in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Cell composition at the vitreomacular interface in traumatic macular holes.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Review
- More than meets the eye: The role of microglia in healthy and diseased retina.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The roles of microglia in neural remodeling during retinal degeneration.Histology and histopathology · 2022Review
- The Contribution of Microglia to the Development and Maturation of the Visual System.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Molecular Assessment of Epiretinal Membrane: Activated Microglia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration Revisited: From Pathology and Cellular Stress to Potential Therapies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Microglia in the developing retina.Neural development · 2019Review
- Modulation of three key innate immune pathways for the most common retinal degenerative diseases.EMBO molecular medicine · 2018Review
- FluoroGold-Labeled Organotypic Retinal Explant Culture for Neurotoxicity Screening Studies.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2018Article
- Microglia Activation and Immunomodulatory Therapies for Retinal Degenerations.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2018Review
- Low-dose minocycline mediated neuroprotection on retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury of mice.Molecular vision · 2018Article
- Pharmacological Tools to Activate Microglia and their Possible use to Study Neural Network Patho-physiology.Current neuropharmacology · 2017Review
- 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside-mediated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation induces protective innate responses in bacterial endophthalmitis.Cellular microbiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of microglia during neurodegeneration remains controversial. We investigated whether microglial cells have a neurotoxic or neuroprotective function in the retina. Retinal explants from 10-day-old mice were treated in vitro with minocycline to inhibit microglial activation, with LPS to increase microglial activation, or with liposomes loaded with clodronate (Lip-Clo) to deplete microglial cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess the viability of retinal cells in the explants and the TUNEL method to show the distribution of dead cells. The immunophenotypic and morphological features of microglia and their distribution were analyzed with flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Treatment of retinal explants with minocycline reduced microglial activation and simultaneously significantly decreased cell viability and increased the presence of TUNEL-labeled cell profiles. This treatment also prevented the migration of microglial cells towards the outer nuclear layer, where cell death was most abundant. The LPS treatment increased microglial activation but had no effect on cell viability or microglial distribution. Finally, partial microglial removal with Lip-Clo diminished the cell viability in the retinal explants, showing a similar effect to that of minocycline. Hence, cell viability is diminished in retinal explants cultured in vitro when microglial cells are removed or their activation is inhibited, indicating a neurotrophic role for microglia in this system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.