ArticleApplied geography (Sevenoaks, England)2015
Multilevel built environment features and individual odds of overweight and obesity in Utah.
Article in Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Environmental Risk Factors for Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Pooled it
- Assessing Obesity Risk: The Interaction of the Built and Food Environments with African Americans in Chicago.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Park Access and Quality and Various Health Metrics in a Metropolitan Area in South Carolina Using the CDC PLACES Dataset.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Article
- Measuring environmental exposures in people's activity space: The need to account for travel modes and exposure decay.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2023Article
- Effect of built environment on BMI of older adults in regions of different socio-economic statuses.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- A longitudinal examination of objective neighborhood walkability, body mass index, and waist circumference: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Article
- Exploring the Relationship Between Neighborhood-Built Environment and Elderly Health: A Research Based on Heterogeneity of Age and Gender Groups in Beijing.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Exploring the Mediating Effect of Physical Activities on Built Environment and Obesity for Elderly People: Evidence From Shanghai, China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Is food environment associated with body mass index, overweight and obesity? A study with adults and elderly subjects from southern Brazil.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Convenience and corner store fruit and vegetable access: attitudes and intentions among Colorado adults, 2014.Journal of public health · 2020Article
- Contextual and Individual Determinants of Mental Health: A Cross-sectional Multilevel Study in Tehran, Iran.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2020Article
- A Review of Advancement on Influencing Factors of Acne: An Emphasis on Environment Characteristics.Frontiers in public health · 2020Review
- Why Public Health Needs GIS: A Methodological Overview.Annals of GIS · 2020Article
- Walk ScoreInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Impact of the Hydraulic Fracturing on Indoor Radon Concentrations in Ohio: A Multilevel Modeling Approach.Frontiers in public health · 2019Article
- Walkable neighborhoods and obesity: Evaluating effects with a propensity score approach.SSM - population health · 2018Article
- Spatial clustering patterns of child weight status in a southeastern US county.Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England) · 2018Article
- An Analytical Framework for Integrating the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Environmental Context and Individual Mobility in Exposure Assessment: A Study on the Relationship between Food Environment Exposures and Body Weight.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Associations of neighbourhood walkability indices with weight gain.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2018Article
- The Uncertain Geographic Context Problem in the Analysis of the Relationships between Obesity and the Built Environment in Guangzhou.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Based on the data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in 2007, 2009 and 2011 in Utah, this research uses multilevel modeling (MLM) to examine the associations between neighborhood built environments and individual odds of overweight and obesity after controlling for individual risk factors. The BRFSS data include information on 21,961 individuals geocoded to zip code areas. Individual variables include BMI (body mass index) and socio-demographic attributes such as age, gender, race, marital status, education attainment, employment status, and whether an individual smokes. Neighborhood built environment factors measured at both zip code and county levels include street connectivity, walk score, distance to parks, and food environment. Two additional neighborhood variables, namely the poverty rate and urbanicity, are also included as control variables. MLM results show that at the zip code level, poverty rate and distance to parks are significant and negative covariates of the odds of overweight and obesity; and at the county level, food environment is the sole significant factor with stronger fast food presence linked to higher odds of overweight and obesity. These findings suggest that obesity risk factors lie in multiple neighborhood levels and built environment features need to be defined at a neighborhood size relevant to residents' activity space.
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Registered trials
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