ArticleStroke2015
Intracranial Carotid Calcification on Cranial Computed Tomography: Visual Scoring Methods, Semiautomated Scores, and Volume Measurements in Patients With Stroke.
Article in Stroke, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shifting the paradigm in intracranial aneurysm detection with deep learning: A diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis and meta-regression.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Segmentation and morphometry of intracranial internal carotid artery calcification in relation to brain atrophy.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Differential associations of intracranial large artery phenotypes (calcificationQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Severity of Intracranial Arterial Calcification on Computed Tomography and Risk of Dementia in Patients With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Population-Based Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Distinction between acute and chronic carotid disease based on computed tomography angiography in acute ischemic stroke patients with carotid artery occlusion.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Automated MRI-based segmentation of intracranial arterial calcification by restricting feature complexity.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025Article
- Prognostic impact of intracranial arteriosclerosis subtype after endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Association between carotid plaque calcification and clinical outcomes of symptomatic cerebral small vessel disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Precranial artery calcification burden: a potential indicator of the clinical outcome of reperfusion in patients with acute large artery occlusion.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Observational
- Semi-automatic computed tomography angiography quantification assessment is an alternative method to digital subtraction angiography in intracranial stenosis: a multicenter study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans to Develop a Staging Method of External Carotid Artery Calcification.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Imaging of intracranial arterial disease: a comparison between MRI and unenhanced CT.Frontiers in radiology · 2024Article
- The 2023 Taiwan Stroke Society Guidelines for the management of patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2023Article
- Correlation Between Intracranial Carotid Artery Calcification and Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke After Intravenous Thrombolysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Arterial Calcification and Its Association With Stroke: Implication of Risk, Prognosis, Treatment Response, and Prevention.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Automated Segmentation and Volume Measurement of Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery Calcification at Noncontrast CT.Radiology. Artificial intelligence · 2021Article
- Histology-Verified Intracranial Artery Calcification and Its Clinical Relevance With Cerebrovascular Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Assessment of relationship between extracranial and intracranial carotid calcifications-a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study.Dento maxillo facial radiology · 2019Article
- Spotty Calcium on Cervicocerebral Computed Tomography Angiography Associates With Increased Risk of Ischemic Stroke.Stroke · 2019Article
- Lack of Correlation Between Intracranial Carotid Artery Modified Woodcock Calcification Score and Prognosis of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke After Intravenous Thrombolysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeIntracranial internal carotid artery calcification is associated with cerebrovascular risk factors and stroke, but few quantification methods are available. We tested the reliability of visual scoring, semiautomated Agatston score, and calcium volume measurement in patients with recent stroke.
methodsWe used scans from a prospective hospital stroke registry and included patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke or transient ischemic stroke whose noncontrast cranial computed tomographic scans were available electronically. Two raters measured semiautomatic quantitative Agatston score, and calcium volume, and performed qualitative visual scoring using the original 4-point Woodcock score and a modified Woodcock score, where each image on which the internal carotid arteries appeared was scored and the slice scores summed.
resultsIntra- and interobserver coefficient of variations were 8.8% and 16.5% for Agatston, 8.8% and 15.5% for calcium volume, and 5.7% and 5.4% for the modified Woodcock visual score, respectively. The modified Woodcock visual score correlated strongly with both Agatston and calcium volume quantitative measures (both R(2)=0.84; P<0.0001); calcium volume increased by 0.47-mm/point increase in modified Woodcock visual score. Intracranial internal carotid artery calcification increased with age by all measures (eg, visual score, Spearman ρ=0.4; P=0.005).
conclusionsVisual scores correlate highly with quantitative intracranial internal carotid artery calcification measures, with excellent observer agreements. Visual intracranial internal carotid artery scores could be a rapid and practical method for epidemiological studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.