ReviewJournal of autoimmunity2015
The immunogenetics of primary biliary cirrhosis: A comprehensive review.
Review in Journal of autoimmunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic architecture of primary biliary cholangitis: strong evidence for HLA and non-HLA risk loci.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between STAT4 polymorphisms and risk of primary biliary cholangitis: a meta-analysis.Genes & genomics · 2018Pooled it
- A randomized trial of obeticholic acid monotherapy in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2018Trial
- Therapeutic Potential of Tulisokibart and Anti-TL1A Therapy in Inflammatory Disorders: Current Insights and Future Directions.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Primary Biliary Cholangitis Pathogenesis: A Pathophysiology-Based Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Multilevel Exploration of Shared Genetic Architecture Between Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Four Autoimmune Diseases.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles: Bridging communication and next-generation theranostics.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2025Review
- Mechanistic roles and therapeutic potential of bacteriophages in inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases.Microbiome research reports · 2025Review
- Common pathological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in primary Sjogren's syndrome and primary biliary cholangitis: from tissue immune microenvironment to targeted therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Progress in the Management of Patients with Cholestatic Liver Disease: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Review
- Combined Salivary Proteome Profiling and Machine Learning Analysis Provides Insight into Molecular Signature for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Classification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Role of autoantibodies in the clinical management of primary biliary cholangitis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Selected transgenic murine models of human autoimmune liver diseases.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2022Review
- The effect of serum IL-2 levels on the prognosis of primary biliary cholangitis-related liver failure and the preliminary exploration of its mechanism.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The Proinflammatory Cytokines IL-18, IL-21, and IFN-Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- May Previous Hepatitis B Virus Infection Be Involved in Etiology and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Liver Diseases?Advances in therapy · 2022Article
- Regional heritability mapping identifies several novel loci (STAT4, ULK4, and KCNH5) for primary biliary cholangitis in the Japanese population.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2021Article
- Deletion of Mcpip1 in Mcpip1Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2021Article
- Rodent models of cholestatic liver disease: A practical guide for translational research.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021Review
- Identification of rare and common regulatory variants in pluripotent cells using population-scale transcriptomics.Nature genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), a classic autoimmune liver disease, is characterised by a progressive T cell predominant lymphocytic cholangitis, and a serologic pattern of reactivity in the form of specific anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA). CD4+ T cells are particularly implicated by PBC's cytokine signature, the presence of CD4+ T cells specific to mitochondrial auto-antigens, the expression of MHC II on injured biliary epithelial cells, and PBC's coincidence with other similar T cell mediated autoimmune conditions. CD4+ T cells are also central to current animal models of PBC, and their transfer typically also transfers disease. The importance of genetic risk to developing PBC is evidenced by a much higher concordance rate in monozygotic than dizygotic twins, increased AMA rates in asymptomatic relatives, and disproportionate rates of disease in siblings of PBC patients, PBC family members and certain genetically defined populations. Recently, high-throughput genetic studies have greatly expanded our understanding of the gene variants underpinning risk for PBC development, so linking genetics and immunology. Here we summarize genetic association data that has emerged from large scale genome-wide association studies and discuss the evidence for the potential functional significance of the individual genes and pathways identified; we particularly highlight associations in the IL-12-STAT4-Th1 pathway. HLA associations and epigenetic effects are specifically considered and individual variants are linked to clinical phenotypes where data exist. We also consider why there is a gap between calculated genetic risk and clinical data: so-called missing heritability, and how immunogenetic observations are being translated to novel therapies. Ultimately whilst genetic risk factors will only account for a proportion of disease risk, ongoing efforts to refine associations and understand biologic links to disease pathways are hoped to drive more rational therapy for patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.