Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26249251›Full record

ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2015

Indications for and Risks of Elective Cesarean Section.

Ioannis Mylonas, Klaus Friese

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 135 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
135citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04667000 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

The Effect Of Forced Air Warming Used For Different Body Parts During Caseraen Section On Maternal Hypothermia, Shivering, Thermal Comfort, Apgar Score And Breastfeeding: Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorHacettepe UniversityRan2021 to 2022Enrolled35ConditionsCesarean Section Complications, HypothermiaArmsForced Air Warming
NCT05528835 completednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Prior Caesarean Delivery on ICSI Outcome

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorAlexandria UniversityRan2022 to 2023Enrolled140ConditionsFemale InfertilityArmsFrozen embryo transfer
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

135 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ioannis MylonasDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Klaus Friese

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRates of cesarean section have risen around the world in recent years. Accordingly, much effort is being made worldwide to understand this trend and to counteract it effectively. A number of factors have been found to make it more likely that a cesarean section will be chosen, but the risks cannot yet be clearly defined.

methodsThis review is based on pertinent publications that were retrieved by a selective search in the PubMed, Scopus, and DIMDI databases, as well as on media communications, analyses by the German Federal Statistical Office, and guidelines of the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF).

resultsThe increased rates of cesarean section are thought to be due mainly to changed risk profiles both for expectant mothers and for their yet unborn children, as well as an increase in cesarean section by maternal request. In 1991, 15.3% of all newborn babies in Germany were delivered by cesarean section; by 2012, the corresponding figure was 31.7%, despite the fact that a medical indication was present in less than 10% of all cases. This development may perhaps be explained by an increasing tendency toward risk avoidance, by risk-adapted obstetric practice, and increasing media attention. The intraoperative and postoperative risks of cesarean section must be considered, along with complications potentially affecting subsequent pregnancies.

conclusionScientific advances, social and cultural changes, and medicolegal considerations seem to be the main reasons for the increased acceptibility of cesarean sections. Cesarean section is, however, associated with increased risks to both mother and child. It should only be performed when it is clearly advantageous.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAttitude to HealthCesarean SectionElective Surgical ProceduresEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health CarePostoperative ComplicationsPregnancyPregnancy OutcomePrevalencePublic OpinionRisk Assessment

Identifiers

PMID26249251
PMCPMC4555060

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.