ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2015
The influence of propoxyphene withdrawal on opioid use in veterans.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient- and Clinician-Related Factors Associated With the Reduction in Opioid Use Among Adults With Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- US Trends in Opioid Access Among Patients With Poor Prognosis Cancer Near the End-of-Life.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2021Article
- Response to Propoxyphene Market Withdrawal: Analgesic Substitutes, Doses, and Adverse Events.Medical care · 2020Article
- Propoxyphene Mediates Oxyhemoglobin-Induced Injury in Rat Cortical Neurons Through Up-Regulation of Active-β-Catenin.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- Evaluation of opioid use among patients with back disorders and arthritis.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2018Observational
- Health-Related Quality of Life among Chronic Opioid Users, Nonchronic Opioid Users, and Nonopioid Users with Chronic Noncancer Pain.Health services research · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeOur aim is to determine if propoxyphene withdrawal from the US market was associated with opioid continuation, continued chronic opioid use, and secondary propoxyphene-related adverse events (emergency department visits, opioid-related events, and acetaminophen toxicity).
methodsMedical service use and pharmacy data from 19/11/08 to 19/11/11 were collected from the national Veterans Healthcare Administration healthcare databases. A quasi-experimental pre-post retrospective cohort design utilizing a historical comparison group provided the study framework. Logistic regression controlling for baseline covariates was used to estimate the effect of propoxyphene withdrawal.
resultsThere were 24,328 subjects (policy affected n = 10,747; comparison n = 13,581) meeting inclusion criteria. In the policy-affected cohort, 10.6% of users ceased using opioids, and 26.6% stopped chronic opioid use compared with 3.8% and 13.5% in the historical comparison cohort, respectively. Those in the policy-affected cohort were 2.7 (95%CI: 2.5-2.8) and 3.2 (95%CI: 2.9-3.6) times more likely than those in the historical comparison cohort to discontinue chronic opioid and any opioid use, respectively. Changes in adverse events and Emergency Department (ED) visits were not different between policy-affected and historical comparison cohorts (p > 0.05).
conclusionsThe withdrawal of propoxyphene-containing products resulted in rapid and virtually complete elimination in propoxyphene prescribing in the veterans population; however, nearly 90% of regular users of propoxyphene switched to an alternate opioid, and three quarters continued to use opioids chronically.
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Registered trials
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