ArticlePloS one2015
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Trigger Loss of Function and Perturbation of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Primary Hepatocytes.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oxidized-Lipid Signaling and Ferroptosis as Downstream Mechanisms of Titanium-Associated Peri-Implant Bone Loss.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nephrotoxicity Evaluation of Green and Chemically Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats: A Biochemical and Genotoxic Approach.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Article
- Optimizing Sunscreen Safety: The Impact of TiONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanism of nanomaterials induced liver injury: A review.World journal of hepatology · 2024Review
- Brucine Entrapped Titanium Oxide Nanoparticle for Anticancer Treatment: AnAdvances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- DNA Damage and Apoptosis as In-Vitro Effect Biomarkers of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiOInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Adverse Outcome Pathways Associated with the Ingestion of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles-A Systematic Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Understanding Nanomaterial-Liver Interactions to Facilitate the Development of Safer Nanoapplications.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2022Review
- A Protein and Membrane Integrity Study of TiOThe Journal of membrane biology · 2021Article
- In Vitro Interactions of TiONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Hepatotoxicity induced by nanomaterials: mechanisms and in vitro models.Archives of toxicology · 2021Review
- Vorinostat-loaded titanium oxide nanoparticles (anatase) induce G2/M cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells via3 Biotech · 2020Article
- Evaluation of the Genotoxic and Oxidative Damage Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Human NCM460 and HCT116 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Co-exposure to the food additives SiOEnvironmental science. Nano · 2019Article
- Toxicological effects of ingested nanocellulose in in vitro intestinal epithelium and in vivo rat models.Environmental science. Nano · 2019Article
- The Toxicity Of Metallic Nanoparticles On Liver: The Subcellular Damages, Mechanisms, And Outcomes.International journal of nanomedicine · 2019Review
- Dose-, treatment- and time-dependent toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on primary rat hepatocytes.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2018Article
- TiORedox biology · 2018Article
- Toxicity of nanotitanium dioxide (TiOEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are one of the most highly manufactured and employed nanomaterials in the world with applications in copious industrial and consumer products. The liver is a major accumulation site for many nanoparticles, including TiO2, directly through intentional exposure or indirectly through unintentional ingestion via water, food or animals and increased environmental contamination. Growing concerns over the current usage of TiO2 coupled with the lack of mechanistic understanding of its potential health risk is the motivation for this study. Here we determined the toxic effect of three different TiO2 nanoparticles (commercially available rutile, anatase and P25) on primary rat hepatocytes. Specifically, we evaluated events related to hepatocyte functions and mitochondrial dynamics: (1) urea and albumin synthesis using colorimetric and ELISA assays, respectively; (2) redox signaling mechanisms by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); (3) OPA1 and Mfn-1 expression that mediates the mitochondrial dynamics by PCR; and (4) mitochondrial morphology by MitoTracker Green FM staining. All three TiO2 nanoparticles induced a significant loss (p < 0.05) in hepatocyte functions even at concentrations as low as 50 ppm with commercially used P25 causing maximum damage. TiO2 nanoparticles induced a strong oxidative stress in primary hepatocytes. TiO2 nanoparticles exposure also resulted in morphological changes in mitochondria and substantial loss in the fusion process, thus impairing the mitochondrial dynamics. Although this study demonstrated that TiO2 nanoparticles exposure resulted in substantial damage to primary hepatocytes, more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to determine the complete toxicological mechanism in primary hepatocytes and subsequently liver function.
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