Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26245417›Full record

ArticleAfrican journal of primary health care & family medicine2014

Where there is no morphine: the challenge and hope of palliative care delivery in Tanzania.

Kristopher Hartwig, Mervyn Dean, Kari Hartwig, Paul Z Mmbando, Abduraoof Sayed, Elma de Vries

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Forging a New Frontier: Providing Palliative Care to People With Cancer in Rural and Remote Areas.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2020
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Kristopher HartwigEvangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania. kristopher.hartwig@gmail.com.
Mervyn Dean
Kari Hartwig
Paul Z Mmbando
Abduraoof Sayed
Elma de Vries
University of Cape Town · ZAWalden University · US

Funding

PEPFAR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn Tanzania, a country of 42 million, access to oral morphine is rare.

aimTo demonstrate the effectiveness of palliative care teams in reducing patients' pain and in increasing other positive life qualities in the absence of morphine; and to document the psychological burden experienced by their clinical providers, trained in morphine delivery, as they observed their patients suffering and in extreme pain.

settingOne hundred and forty-fie cancer patients were included from 13 rural hospitals spread across Tanzania.

methodA mixed method study beginning with a retrospective quantitative analysis of cancer patients who were administered the APCA African POS tool four times. Bivariate analyses of the scores at time one and four were compared across the domains. The qualitative arm included an analysis of interviews with six nurses, each with more than fie years' palliative care experience and no access to strong opioids.

resultsPatients and their family caregivers identifid statistically signifiant (p < 0.001) improvements in all of the domains. Thematic analysis of nurse interviews described the patient and family benefis from palliative care but also their great distress when 'bad cases' arose who would likely benefi only from oral morphine.

conclusionPeople living with chronic cancer-related pain who receive palliative care experience profound physical, spiritual and emotional benefis even without oral morphine. These results demonstrate the need for continued advocacy to increase the availability of oral morphine in these settings in addition to palliative care services.

Indexed as

Pain ManagementPalliative CareAnalgesics, OpioidFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedMorphineNeoplasmsPain MeasurementQuality of LifeRetrospective StudiesTanzaniaAnalgesics, OpioidMorphine

Identifiers

PMID26245417
PMCPMC4502893
OpenAlexW1984748313

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.