Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26244923›Full record

ArticleKidney international2015

Association of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine use with risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Ming-Yen Lin, Yi-Wen Chiu, Jung-San Chang, Hung-Lung Lin, Charles Tzu-Chi Lee, Guei-Fen Chiu, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Ming-Tsang Wu, Hung-Chun Chen, Shang-Jyh Hwang

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Kidney international, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
17.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. Therapeutic potential ofInternational journal of medical sciences · 2025
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3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Ming-Yen LinDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Yi-Wen ChiuDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Jung-San ChangFaculty of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Hung-Lung LinDepartment of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Charles Tzu-Chi LeeDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Guei-Fen ChiuDepartment of Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Mei-Chuan KuoDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Ming-Tsang WuDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Hung-Chun ChenDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Shang-Jyh HwangDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Kaohsiung Medical University · TWKaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital · TWKaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital · TWNational Health Research Institutes · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The evidence on whether Chinese herbal medicines affect outcome in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited. Here we retrospectively explored the association of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine use and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with CKD. Patients with newly diagnosed CKD in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2005 were categorized into new use or nonuse of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine groups. These patients were followed until death, dialysis initiation, or till the end of 2008. Among the 24,971 study patients, 11,351 were new users of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine after CKD diagnosis. Overall, after adjustment for confounding variables, the use group exhibited a significant 60% reduced ESRD risk (cause-specific hazard ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.37-0.46) compared with the nonuse group. The change was significantly large among patients using wind dampness-dispelling formulas (0.63, 0.51-0.77) or harmonizing formulas (0.59, 0.46-0.74), suggesting an independent association between specific Chinese herbal medicines and reduced ESRD risk. The findings were confirmed using propensity score matching, stratified analyses, and three weighting methods. However, dampness-dispelling and purgative formulas were associated with increased ESRD risk. Thus, specific Chinese herbal medicines are associated with reduced or enhanced ESRD risk in patients with CKD.

Identifiers

PMID26244923
OpenAlexW1107021872

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.