Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26242876›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2015

Contralateral breast cancer can represent a metastatic spread of the first primary tumor: determination of clonal relationship between contralateral breast cancers using next-generation whole genome sequencing.

Sara Alkner, Man-Hung Eric Tang, Christian Brueffer, Malin Dahlgren, Yilun Chen, Eleonor Olsson, Christof Winter, Sara Baker, Anna Ehinger, Lisa Rydén and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Identifying Locally Recurrent Versus Second Primary Breast Cancer: Genomic Versus Clinical Criteria from Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase III.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Sara AlknerDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Sara.Alkner@med.lu.se.
Man-Hung Eric TangDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Man-Hung_Eric.Tang@med.lu.se.
Christian BruefferDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. christian.brueffer@med.lu.se.
Malin DahlgrenDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Malin.Dahlgren@med.lu.se.
Yilun ChenDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Yilun.Chen@med.lu.se.
Eleonor OlssonDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Eleonor.Olsson@med.lu.se.
Christof WinterDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. christof.winter@med.lu.se.
Sara BakerDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Sara.Baker@med.lu.se.
Anna EhingerDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. anna.ehinger@med.lu.se.
Lisa RydénDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Lisa.Ryden@med.lu.se.
Lao H SaalDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Lao.Saal@med.lu.se.
Mårten FernöDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Marten.Ferno@med.lu.se.
Sofia K Gruvberger-SaalDivision of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, MV 404-B2, Lund, SE-22381, Sweden. Sofia.Gruvberger@med.lu.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBy convention, a contralateral breast cancer (CBC) is treated as a new primary tumor, independent of the first cancer (BC1). Although there have been indications that the second tumor (BC2) sometimes may represent a metastatic spread of BC1, this has never been conclusively shown. We sought to apply next-generation sequencing to determine a "genetic barcode" for each tumor and reveal the clonal relationship of CBCs.

methodsTen CBC patients with detailed clinical information and available fresh frozen tumor tissue were studied. Using low-coverage whole genome DNA-sequencing data for each tumor, chromosomal rearrangements were enumerated and copy number profiles were generated. Comparisons between tumors provided an estimate of clonal relatedness for tumor pairs within individual patients.

resultsBetween 15-256 rearrangements were detected in each tumor (median 87). For one patient, 76 % (68 out of 90) of the rearrangements were shared between BC1 and BC2, highly consistent with what has been seen for true primary-metastasis pairs (>50 %) and thus confirming a common clonal origin of the two tumors. For most of the remaining cases, BC1 and BC2 had similarly low overlap as unmatched randomized pairs of tumors from different individuals, suggesting the CBC to represent a new independent primary tumor.

conclusionUsing rearrangement fingerprinting, we show for the first time with certainty that a contralateral BC2 can represent a metastatic spread of BC1. Given the poor prognosis of a generalized disease compared to a new primary tumor, these women need to be identified at diagnosis of CBC for appropriate determination of treatment. Our approach generates a promising new method to assess clonal relationship between tumors. Additional studies are required to confirm the frequency of CBCs representing metastatic events.

Indexed as

AdultAged, 80 and overBreast NeoplasmsFemaleHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasms, Second Primary

Identifiers

PMID26242876
PMCPMC4531539

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.