ArticleMalaria journal2015
Submicroscopic carriage of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in a low endemic area in Ethiopia where no parasitaemia was detected by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test.
Article in Malaria journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets Incorporating Piperonyl Butoxide Reduce the Risk of Malaria in Children in Western Kenya: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Trial
- Uncovering silent malaria reservoirs in Southern Ethiopia: community-based molecular detection of asymptomatic and sub-microscopic infections and their implications for diagnosis and control.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Asymptomatic/submicroscopicParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
- Prevalence of subpatent Plasmodium falciparum infections in regions with varying transmission intensities and implications for malaria elimination in Mainland Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Assembled genome of an EthiopianMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024Article
- Asymptomatic Malaria Reservoirs in Honduras: A Challenge for Elimination.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Geospatial analysis of Plasmodium falciparum serological indicators: school versus community sampling in a low-transmission malaria setting.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Genomic analysis of Plasmodium vivax describes patterns of connectivity and putative drivers of adaptation in Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Asymptomatic and submicroscopic malaria infections in sugar cane and rice development areas of Ethiopia.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Schoolchildren with asymptomatic malaria are potential hotspot for malaria reservoir in Ethiopia: implications for malaria control and elimination efforts.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Reactive Case Detection Strategy for Malaria Control and Elimination: A 12 Year Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from 25 Malaria-Endemic Countries.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Clinical performance testing of the automated haematology analyzer XN-31 prototype using whole blood samples from patients with imported malaria in Japan.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- Asymptomatic Malaria in Households and Neighbors of Laboratory Confirmed Cases in Raya Kobo District, Northeast Ethiopia.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2022Article
- qPCR in a suitcase for rapid Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax surveillance in Ethiopia.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Recent Molecular Assessment of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Asymptomatic Infections in Botswana.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Article
- The epidemiology and detectability of asymptomatic plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum infections in low, moderate and high transmission settings in Ethiopia.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Article
- Spatial and genetic clustering of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections in a low-transmission area of Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMotivated by the success in malaria control that was documented over the last decade Ethiopia is aiming at malaria elimination by 2020 in selected districts. It is currently unknown if asymptomatic, submicroscopic malaria parasite carriage may form a hurdle to achieve elimination. The elimination effort may further be complicated by possible glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency which would hinder the use of 8-aminoquinolines in the elimination efforts.
methodIn February 2014 a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Malo, southwest Ethiopia. Finger-prick blood samples (n = 555) were tested for presence of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax with microscopy, rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Multiplicity of P. falciparum infections was determined based on genotyping the polymorphic merozoite surface protein-2 (MSP-2) gene. Individuals were also genotyped for mutations in the gene that produces G6PD.
resultsAll study participants were malaria infection negative by microscopy and RDT. Nested PCR revealed P. falciparum mono-infection in 5.2% (29/555), P. vivax mono-infection in 4.3% (24/555) and mixed infection in 0.2% (1/555) of individuals. All parasitemic individuals were afebrile (axillary temperature <37.5°C). None of the study participants carried mutations for the G6PD African A-(202GA) and Mediterranean (563CT) variants. All infections, except one, were single-clone infection by MSP-2 genotyping.
conclusionThe detection of a substantial number of subpatent malaria infections in an apparently asymptomatic population without evidence for malaria transmission by conventional diagnostics raises questions about the path to malaria elimination. It is currently unknown how important these infections are for sustaining malaria transmission in the study sites. The absence of G6PD deficiency indicates that 8-aminoquinolines may be safely deployed to accelerate elimination initiatives.
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