ReviewEndocrinology2015
Progesterone and Overlooked Endocrine Pathways in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis.
Review in Endocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormone, Targeted, and Combinational Therapies for Breast Cancers: From Humans to Dogs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- ATAC-seq and RNA-seq reveal key genes and pathways regulating lactation in the mammary gland of Yili horses.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Layered Single-Cell Heterogeneity in Hormone Receptor Signaling Across Mouse Organoids and Human ERα+ Cancer Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Exploring the complex relationship between metabolomics and breast cancer early detection (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Manganese-induced Precocious Puberty Alters Mammary Epithelial Cell Proliferation in Female Rats.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Exposure to air pollutants and breast cancer risk: mediating effects of metabolic health biomarkers in a nested case-control study within the E3N-Generations cohort.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- WNT4 Regulates Cellular Metabolism via Intracellular Activity at the Mitochondria in Breast and Gynecologic Cancers.Cancer research communications · 2024Article
- Application of the Key Characteristics Framework to Identify Potential Breast Carcinogens Using Publicly AvailableEnvironmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- The mutational landscape of the adult healthy parous and nulliparous human breast.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Subtypes of high-grade breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): incidence and potential clinical impact.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Article
- Molecular characterization of breast cancer cell pools with normal or reduced ability to respond to progesterone: a study based on RNA-seq.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Oncobiology and treatment of breast cancer in young women.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Potential of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-redirected immune cells in breast cancer therapies: Recent advances.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Roles and action mechanisms of WNT4 in cell differentiation and human diseases: a review.Cell death discovery · 2021Review
- Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic.Cancers · 2021Review
- Role of sex hormones in modulating breast and ovarian cancer associated pain.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2021Article
- WNT4 Balances Development vs Disease in Gynecologic Tissues and Women's Health.Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Application of anEnvironmental health perspectives · 2021Article
- Progesterone Receptors Promote Quiescence and Ovarian Cancer Cell Phenotypes via DREAM in p53-Mutant Fallopian Tube Models.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- US EPA's regulatory pesticide evaluations need clearer guidelines for considering mammary gland tumors and other mammary gland effects.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer incidence has been increasing for decades. Exposure to reproductive hormones, as occurs with recurrent menstrual cycles, affects breast cancer risk, and can promote disease progression. Exogenous hormones and endocrine disruptors have also been implicated in increasing breast cancer incidence. Numerous in vitro studies with hormone-receptor-positive cell lines have provided insights into the complexities of hormone receptor signaling at the molecular level; in vivo additional layers of complexity add on to this. The combined use of mouse genetics and tissue recombination techniques has made it possible to disentangle hormone action in vivo and revealed that estrogens, progesterone, and prolactin orchestrate distinct developmental stages of mammary gland development. The 2 ovarian steroids that fluctuate during menstrual cycles act on a subset of mammary epithelial cells, the hormone-receptor-positive sensor cells, which translate and amplify the incoming systemic signals into local, paracrine stimuli. Progesterone has emerged as a major regulator of cell proliferation and stem cell activation in the adult mammary gland. Two progesterone receptor targets, receptor activator of NfκB ligand and Wnt4, serve as downstream paracrine mediators of progesterone receptor-induced cell proliferation and stem cell activation, respectively. Some of the findings in the mouse have been validated in human ex vivo models and by next-generation whole-transcriptome sequencing on healthy donors staged for their menstrual cycles. The implications of these insights into the basic control mechanisms of mammary gland development for breast carcinogenesis and the possible role of endocrine disruptors, in particular bisphenol A in this context, will be discussed below.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.