ArticleAddictive behaviors2015
Rate of nicotine metabolism and smoking cessation outcomes in a community-based sample of treatment-seeking smokers.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Smoking cessation for improving mental health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- The Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and Response to Smoking Cessation Treatment Among People Living with HIV Who Smoke in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Trial
- A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and Its Association with Sociodemographic and Smoking Characteristics among People with HIV Who Smoke in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Does menthol cigarette use moderate the effect of nicotine metabolism on short-term smoking cessation?Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Estimations and predictors of non-compliance in switchers to reduced nicotine content cigarettes.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2016Trial
- Longitudinal changes in smoking abstinence symptoms and alternative reinforcers predict long-term smoking cessation outcomes.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Trial
- Prediction of Smoking Abstinence in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Nursing researchTrial
- Rate of nicotine metabolism on risk of myocardial infarction among people with HIV who smoke cigarettes.PloS one · 2026Article
- Nicotine metabolite ratio and attitude towards nicotine metabolite ratio informed smoking cessation care in Jordan.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Article
- Nicotine Metabolism-Related Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Smoking Cessation in Korean Men: A Candidate Gene Association Study in a Korean Cohort.Lifestyle genomics · 2025Article
- The Role of Nicotine Metabolic Rate on Nicotine Dependence and Rewarding: Nicotine Metabolism in Chinese Male Smokers and Male Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Nicotine Metabolite Ratio Decreases After Switching Off Efavirenz-Based Therapy in People With HIV Who Smoke.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024Article
- Can Treatment Support Mitigate Nicotine Metabolism-Based Disparities in Smoking Abstinence? Secondary Analysis of the Helping HAND 4 Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Article
- The use of biomarkers to guide precision treatment for tobacco use.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Genetic differences in nicotine sensitivity and metabolism in C57BL/6J and NOD/ShiLtJ mouse strains.Neuropharmacology · 2022Article
- Rationale and design of a randomized factorial clinical trial of pharmacogenetic and adherence optimization strategies to promote tobacco cessation among persons with HIV.Contemporary clinical trials · 2021Article
- Pharmacogenetics factors influencing smoking cessation success; the importance of nicotine metabolism.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2021Review
- Bidirectional Associations among Nicotine and Tobacco Smoke, NeuroHIV, and Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Associations Between Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and Gender With Transitions in Cigarette Smoking Status and E-Cigarette Use: Findings Across Waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn samples from controlled randomized clinical trials, a smoker's rate of nicotine metabolism, measured by the 3-hydroxycotinine to cotinine ratio (NMR), predicts response to transdermal nicotine. Replication of this relationship in community-based samples of treatment-seeking smokers may help guide the implementation of the NMR for personalized treatment for nicotine dependence.
methodsData from a community-based sample of treatment seeking smokers (N=499) who received 8weeks of transdermal nicotine and 4 behavioral counseling sessions were used to evaluate associations between the NMR and smoking cessation. Secondary outcomes included withdrawal and craving, depression and anxiety, side effects, and treatment adherence.
resultsThe NMR was a significant predictor of abstinence (OR=.56, 95% CI: 0.33-0.95, p=.03), with faster metabolizers showing lower quit rates than slower metabolizers (24% vs. 33%). Faster nicotine metabolizers exhibited significantly higher levels of anxiety symptoms over time during treatment, vs. slower metabolizers (NMR x Time interaction: F[3,357]=3.29, p=.02). NMR was not associated with changes in withdrawal, craving, depression, side effects, and treatment adherence (p's>.05).
conclusionsIn a community-based sample of treatment-seeking smokers, faster nicotine metabolizers were significantly less likely to quit smoking and showed higher rates of anxiety symptoms during a smoking cessation treatment program, vs. slower nicotine metabolizers. These results provide further evidence that transdermal nicotine is less effective for faster nicotine metabolizers and suggest the need to address cessation-induced anxiety symptoms among these smokers to increase the chances for successful smoking cessation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.