Observational studyArthritis care & research2016
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Incident Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Observational study in Arthritis care & research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for multiple autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci.Nature communications · 2019Pooled it
- How the Plants for Joints multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention achieved its effects: a mixed methods process evaluation.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- A multidisciplinary lifestyle program for rheumatoid arthritis: the 'Plants for Joints' randomized controlled trial.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Environmental and occupational contributors to autoimmune, inflammatory, and musculoskeletal rheumatic disease: a review of emerging evidence and clinical implications.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2026Review
- The health consequences of politically-induced trauma.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- The relation between clinical characteristics and mental health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Perceived Stress and Prediction of Worse Patient-Reported Outcomes in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Racial Disparities and Achievement of the Low Lupus Disease Activity State: A CARRA Registry Study.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Associations between childhood trauma, depression, anxiety disorders and early arthritis presence.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Pain mechanism and management strategy of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Probing the oral-brain connection: oral microbiome patterns in a large community cohort with anxiety, depression, and trauma symptoms, and periodontal outcomes.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Lifetime Trauma Exposure and Arthritis in Older Adults.Psychosomatic medicine · 2024Article
- Distinguishing vulnerability and resilience to posttraumatic stress disorder evaluating traumatic experiences, genetic risk and electronic health records.Psychiatry research · 2024Article
- Risk of autoimmune diseases after post-traumatic stress disorder: a nationwide cohort study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Effects of genetically predicted posttraumatic stress disorder on autoimmune phenotypes.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Perceived mistreatment in patients with rheumatic diseases: The impact of the underlying diagnosis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Life Events, Caregiving, and Risk of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Arthritis care & research · 2023Observational
- Association of Probable Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder with Dietary Pattern and Gut Microbiome in a Cohort of Women.Nature. Mental health · 2023Article
- S100a9 Protects Against the Effects of Repeated Social Defeat Stress.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the association between symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk in a prospective cohort and to characterize the role of smoking in this relationship.
methodsA subset (n = 54,224) of the Nurses' Health Study II, a prospective cohort of female nurses, completed the Brief Trauma Questionnaire and a screen for PTSD symptoms. Participants were categorized based on trauma exposure and number of PTSD symptoms. Incident RA cases (n = 239) from 1989 to 2011 were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) between PTSD symptoms and incident RA. To identify the impact of smoking, secondary and subgroup analyses were performed. In all analyses, PTSD and smoking were lagged 2 years before the development of RA.
resultsCompared to no history of trauma/PTSD symptoms, the HR for ≥4 PTSD symptoms and incident RA was 1.76 (95% CI 1.16-2.67) in models adjusted for age, race, and socioeconomic status. The risk for RA increased with an increasing number of PTSD symptoms (P = 0.01). When smoking was added to the model, the HR for RA remained elevated (HR 1.60 [95% CI 1.05-2.43]). In a subgroup analysis, excluding women who smoked before PTSD onset, results were unchanged (HR 1.68 [95% CI 1.04-2.70]).
conclusionThis study suggests that women with high PTSD symptomatology have an elevated risk for RA, independent of smoking, adding to emerging evidence that stress is an important determinant of physical health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.