ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)2016
Epithelioid Glioblastomas and Anaplastic Epithelioid Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytomas--Same Entity or First Cousins?
Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of BRAFV600 in glioma and use of BRAF Inhibitors in patients with BRAFV600 mutation-positive glioma: systematic review.Neuro-oncology · 2022Pooled it
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- Genomic analysis of PLNTY-like tumor progression into epithelioid glioblastoma: a case report.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response and resistance in glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinical Outcome of Patients with Epithelioid Glioblastoma Harboring BRAFV600E Mutation; A Single Institution Experience.South Asian journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Clinical, pathological, radiological features and prognosis of epithelioid glioblastoma: a retrospective single center study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Case Report: SMARCB1-deficient phenotype may be a new specialized type of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma associated with poor prognosis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and therapeutic approaches on survival in patients with epithelioid glioblastoma: Institutional experience in the management of 58 patients.Neurosurgical review · 2024Article
- Glioma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Diagnostic Insights into Pediatric Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma through DNA Methylation Class and Pathological Diagnosis Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Advanced Radio Frequency Applicators for Thermal Magnetic Resonance Theranostics of Brain Tumors.Cancers · 2023Article
- TTFields Prolonged the PFS of Epithelioid Glioblastoma Patient: A Case Report.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Clinical, Morphological, and Molecular Study on Grade 2 and 3 Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- The evolution of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: from genesis to molecular alterations and mimics.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2022Review
- Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in the multiverse of epigenomics: is it time to recognize the variants?Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- A rare occurrence of an epithelioid glioblastoma in a pediatric patient: case report and review of the literature.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2022Review
- Next-Generation Sequencing of a Glioblastoma with True Epithelial Differentiation.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2022Article
- Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a heterogeneous entity with pTERT mutations prognosticating shorter survival.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- Prediction of BRAF mutation status in glioblastoma multiforme by preoperative ring enhancement appearances on MRI.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 12 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM) and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) with anaplastically transformed foci (ePXA) show overlapping features. Eleven eGBMs and 5 ePXAs were reviewed and studied immunohistochemically. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for EGFR amplification, PTEN deletion and ODZ3 deletion was also performed, with Ilumina 450 methylome analysis obtained in five cases. The average age for eGBM was 30.9 (range 2-79) years, including five pediatric cases and a M : F ratio of 4.5. The ePXA patients had a M : F ratio of 4 and averaged 21.2 (range 10-38) years in age, including two pediatric cases. Six eGBMs and two ePXAs recurred (median recurrence interval of 12 and 3.3 months, respectively). All tumors were composed of solid sheets of loosely cohesive, "melanoma-like" cells with only limited infiltration. ePXAs showed lower grade foci with classic features of PXA. Both tumor types showed focal expression of epithelial and glial markers, retained INI1 and BRG1 expression, occasional CD34 positivity, and lack of mutant IDH1 (R132H) immunoreactivity. BRAF V600E mutation was present in four eGBMs and four ePXAs. ODZ3 deletion was detected in seven eGBMs and two ePXAs. EGFR amplification was absent. Methylome analysis showed that one ePXA and one eGBM clustered with PXAs, one eGBM clustered with low-grade gliomas, and two eGBMs clustered with pediatric-type glioblastomas. Common histologic, immunohistochemical, molecular and clinical features found in eGBM and ePXA suggest that they are closely related or the same entity. If the latter is true, the nomenclature and WHO grading remains to be resolved.
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