Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26236777›Full record

ArticleCell systems2015

The AXL Receptor is a Sensor of Ligand Spatial Heterogeneity.

Aaron S Meyer, Annelien J M Zweemer, Douglas A Lauffenburger

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell systems, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Clinical and molecular characterization ofJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025
    Article
  4. Systems Biology of the Cancer Cell.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2025
    Review
  5. Phosphatidylserine externalization as immune checkpoint in cancer.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2024
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Mertk: An emerging target in cancer biology and immuno-oncology.International review of cell and molecular biology · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. TAM receptors, Phosphatidylserine, inflammation, and Cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2019
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Aaron S MeyerKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139 ; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139.
Annelien J M ZweemerKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139 ; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139.
Douglas A LauffenburgerKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139 ; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139.

Funding

VIRUS PRODUCTION COREP30CA014051 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Jacqueline A. Lees · 1985 to 2026
$93.9M
Tumor Cell Networks CenterU54CA112967 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI LAUFFENBURGER, DOUGLAS A · 2004 to 2015
$26.2M
Engineered Antibody EGFR Antagonist Cancer TherapeuticsR01CA096504 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI WITTRUP, KARL DANE · 2002 to 2017
$9.7M
Adapter-Layer RTK Signaling: Basic Understanding & Targeted DrugResistanceDP5OD019815 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI MEYER, AARON SAMUEL · 2014 to 2018
$2.0M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014051NCI NIH HHS R01 CA096504NCI NIH HHS U54 CA112967NIH HHS DP5 OD019815
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The AXL receptor is a TAM (Tyro3, AXL, MerTK) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) important in physiological inflammatory processes such as blood clotting, viral infection, and innate immune-mediated cell clearance. Overexpression of the receptor in a number of solid tumors is increasingly appreciated as a key drug resistance and tumor dissemination mechanism. Although the ligand-receptor (Gas6-AXL) complex structure is known, literature reports on ligand-mediated signaling have provided conflicting conclusions regarding the influence of other factors such as phosphatidylserine binding, and a detailed, mechanistic picture of AXL activation has not emerged. Integrating quantitative experiments with mathematical modeling, we show here that AXL operates to sense local spatial heterogeneity in ligand concentration, a feature consistent with its physiological role in inflammatory cell responses. This effect arises as a result of an intricate reaction-diffusion interaction. Our results demonstrate that AXL functions distinctly from other RTK families, a vital insight for envisioned design of AXL-targeted therapeutic intervention.

Identifiers

PMID26236777
PMCPMC4520549

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.