ArticleStem cells (Dayton, Ohio)2015
Transcriptome Dynamics of Developing Photoreceptors in Three-Dimensional Retina Cultures Recapitulates Temporal Sequence of Human Cone and Rod Differentiation Revealing Cell Surface Markers and Gene Networks.
Article in Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers.
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Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and enrichment of human retinal organoid-derived red/green cone-competent precursors with enhanced axon dynamics.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- A cell fate specification and transition mechanism for human foveolar cone subtype patterning.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Single-cell atlas of the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility in the human retina.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Electroporation-based gene delivery and whole-organoid imaging in human retinal organoids.Developmental biology · 2026Article
- DIO3 coordinates photoreceptor development timing and fate stability in human retinal organoids.Genes & development · 2026Article
- Reporter-guided photoreceptor differentiation in 2D culture using PGP1-hIPSCs: A comparable alternative to 3D organoid systems?Molecular vision · 2026Article
- Organoid-derived photoreceptor precursors enriched by CD9⁻CD81Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Progress of iPSC-derived retinal organoids in the study of inherited retinal diseases.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Retinal Neurochemistry.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Rekindling Vision: Innovative Strategies for Treating Retinal Degeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation-Related mRNAs Are Elevated in Serum of a Finnish Wet AMD Cohort.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Review
- Episodic live imaging of cone photoreceptor maturation in GNAT2-EGFP retinal organoids.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Article
- Progenitor division and cell autonomous neurosecretion are required for rod photoreceptor sublaminar positioning.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Application of Human Stem Cell Derived Retinal Organoids in the Exploration of the Mechanisms of Early Retinal Development.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2023Review
- Single-cell transcriptome analysis of xenotransplanted human retinal organoids defines two migratory cell populations of nonretinal origin.Stem cell reports · 2023Article
- Antisense oligonucleotide therapy corrects splicing in the common Stargardt disease type 1-causing variantMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Sunitinib efficacy with minimal toxicity in patient-derived retinoblastoma organoids.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Article
- Review
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The derivation of three-dimensional (3D) stratified neural retina from pluripotent stem cells has permitted investigations of human photoreceptors. We have generated a H9 human embryonic stem cell subclone that carries a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter under the control of the promoter of cone-rod homeobox (CRX), an established marker of postmitotic photoreceptor precursors. The CRXp-GFP reporter replicates endogenous CRX expression in vitro when the H9 subclone is induced to form self-organizing 3D retina-like tissue. At day 37, CRX+ photoreceptors appear in the basal or middle part of neural retina and migrate to apical side by day 67. Temporal and spatial patterns of retinal cell type markers recapitulate the predicted sequence of development. Cone gene expression is concomitant with CRX, whereas rod differentiation factor neural retina leucine zipper protein (NRL) is first observed at day 67. At day 90, robust expression of NRL and its target nuclear receptor NR2E3 is evident in many CRX+ cells, while minimal S-opsin and no rhodopsin or L/M-opsin is present. The transcriptome profile, by RNA-seq, of developing human photoreceptors is remarkably concordant with mRNA and immunohistochemistry data available for human fetal retina although many targets of CRX, including phototransduction genes, exhibit a significant delay in expression. We report on temporal changes in gene signatures, including expression of cell surface markers and transcription factors; these expression changes should assist in isolation of photoreceptors at distinct stages of differentiation and in delineating coexpression networks. Our studies establish the first global expression database of developing human photoreceptors, providing a reference map for functional studies in retinal cultures.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.