ArticleJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2016
Breast Milk Protects Against Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Infants at High Risk for Autism During Early Development.
Article in Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Article
- Dysbiosis in Gut Microbiota in Children Born Preterm Who Developed Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- Diet in treatment of autism spectrum disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Parental Reports on Early Autism Behaviors in Their Children with Fragile X Syndrome as a Function of Infant Feeding.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Consumption of Breast Milk Is Associated with Decreased Prevalence of Autism in Fragile X Syndrome.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Modeled prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in association with child autism spectrum disorder: A case-control study.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated With Gut Microbiota at Immune, Metabolomic, and Neuroactive Level.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Review
- Safety of Electronic Cigarette Use During Breastfeeding: Qualitative Study Using Online Forum Discussions.Journal of medical Internet research · 2019Article
- Pre-emptive Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Theoretical Foundations and Clinical Translation.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2019Review
- Vaccination Rates among Younger Siblings of Children with Autism.The New England journal of medicine · 2017Article
- The Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesParents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) often report gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction in their children. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether infants at high risk for developing ASD (ie, siblings of children diagnosed as having ASD) show greater prevalence of GI problems and whether this prevalence is associated with diet and age at weaning from breast milk.
methodsUsing questionnaires, diet history and GI problems were tracked prospectively and retrospectively in 57 high-risk infants and for comparison in 114 low-risk infants (infants from families without ASD history).
resultsIn low-risk infants, prevalence of GI symptoms, in aggregate, did not vary with diet or age of weaning. By contrast, high-risk infants with GI symptoms were weaned earlier than those without symptoms (P < 0.04), and high-risk infants showed greater prevalence of GI symptoms, in aggregate, on a no breast milk diet than on an exclusive breast milk diet (P < 0.017). Constipation, in particular, was more prevalent in high-risk infants compared with low-risk infants (P = 0.01), especially on a no breast milk diet (P = 0.002). High-risk infants who completed weaning earlier than 6 months showed greater prevalence of constipation (P = 0.001) and abdominal distress (P = 0.004) than those fully weaned after 6 months.
conclusionsThe greater prevalence of GI symptoms in high-risk infants suggests that GI dysfunction during early infant development may be a part of the ASD endophenotype. Late weaning and exclusive breast milk were associated with protection against GI symptoms in high-risk infants.
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Registered trials
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