Trial reportMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2015
A randomized, double-blind phase I/IIa study of intranasal glutathione in Parkinson's disease.
Trial report in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review on Disease-Modifying Therapies in Parkinsonian Disorders.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- The role of N-acetylcysteine and glutathione in the management of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review of oxidative biomarkers and clinical outcomes.Amino acids · 2026Pooled it
- Phase IIb Study of Intranasal Glutathione in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2017Trial
- Intranasal drug delivery to the brain for neurodegenerative diseases: Current efforts and challenges in delivery platforms and modeling.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2026Review
- Nose-to-Brain Therapeutics in Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Trials, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- An Optimal Spray Device for the Nose-to-Brain Delivery of AmyP53, an Adaptive Therapeutic Peptide for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The Amino Acid-Neurodegeneration Axis: Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress as Context-Dependent Amplifiers of Metabolic Dysfunction.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Clinical Studies Using Intranasal Therapies for Parkinson's Disease: A Review.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2026Review
- Intranasal vs. Device-Assisted Drug Delivery: Advantages and Limitations for the Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals to the CNS.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Manganese Porphyrin Reduces Oxidative Stress in Vulnerable Parkin-NullAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nose-to-brain drug delivery: from bench to bedside.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Natural flavonoids from herbs and nutraceuticals as ferroptosis inhibitors in central nervous system diseases: current preclinical evidence and future perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- From pathogenesis to treatment: the emerging role of ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Nebulized Glutathione as a Key Antioxidant for the Treatment of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Conditions.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Research progress on intranasal treatment for Parkinson's disease.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2024Review
- Research progress on ferroptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Parkinson Symptom Severity and Use of Nutraceuticals.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Genetic modifiers of synucleinopathies-lessons from experimental models.Oxford open neuroscience · 2023Review
- Review
- Oxidative Stress in Ageing and Chronic Degenerative Pathologies: Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Counteracting Oxidative Stress and Chronic Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepletion of reduced glutathione is associated with PD and glutathione augmentation has been proposed as a disease-modifying strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and tolerability of intranasal reduced glutathione in individuals with PD.
methodsThirty individuals with PD were randomized to either placebo (saline), 300 mg/day, or 600 mg/day of intranasal glutathione in three divided daily doses. Follow-up visits included side effect screening of PD symptoms and cognition, blood chemistry, sinus irritation, and hyposmia. Tolerability was measured by frequency and severity of reported adverse events, compliance, and withdrawals from the study.
resultsAfter 3 months, there were no substantial differences between groups in the number of adverse events reported or observed among all safety measures assessed. All groups met tolerability criteria.
conclusionsThese data support the safety and tolerability of intranasal glutathione in this population. Pharmacokinetic and dose-finding studies are warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.