ArticlePloS one2015
Shifted T Helper Cell Polarization in a Murine Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis Model.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Buffalo Immune Competence Under Infectious and Non-Infectious Stressors.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Punch-excised explants of bovine mammary gland to model early immune response to infection.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Article
- Genetic polymorphisms in immune- and inflammation-associated genes and their association with bovine mastitis resistance/susceptibility.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Adaptive Cell-Mediated Immunity in the Mammary Gland of Dairy Ruminants.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Its Effect on Gene Expression During Subclinical Mastitis in Water Buffalo.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Rutin, A Natural Inhibitor of IGPD Protein, Partially Inhibits Biofilm Formation inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Type 3 immunity: a perspective for the defense of the mammary gland against infections.Veterinary research · 2020Article
- Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Mammary Gland Tissues From Chinese Holstein Cows WithFrontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Association between bovine leukemia virus proviral load and severity of clinical mastitis.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2019Article
- In vitro activity and In vivo efficacy of Isoliquiritigenin against Staphylococcus xylosus ATCC 700404 by IGPD target.PloS one · 2019Article
- IL-1β PromotesFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Local immunization impacts the response of dairy cows to Escherichia coli mastitis.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- A mouse mastitis model to study the effects of the intramammary infusion of a food-grade Lactococcus lactis strain.PloS one · 2017Article
- Differential response of immune-related genes to peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid challengeVeterinary world · 2016Article
- The Effects of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 on Dairy Goat Mastitis and Cell Survival of Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells.PloS one · 2016Article
- Piperine Plays an Anti-Inflammatory Role in Staphylococcus aureus Endometritis by Inhibiting Activation of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Mice.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mastitis, one of the most costly diseases in dairy ruminants, is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by pathogenic infection. The mechanisms of adaptive immunity against pathogens in mastitis have not been fully elucidated. To investigate T helper cell-mediated adaptive immune responses, we established a mastitis model by challenge with an inoculum of 4 × 106 colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus in the mammary gland of lactating mice, followed by quantification of bacterial burden and histological analysis. The development of mastitis was accompanied by a significant increase in both Th17 and Th1 cells in the mammary gland. Moreover, the relative expression of genes encoding cytokines and transcription factors involved in the differentiation and function of these T helper cells, including Il17, Rorc, Tgfb, Il1b, Il23, Ifng, Tbx21, and Il12, was greatly elevated in the infected mammary gland. IL-17 is essential for neutrophil recruitment to infected mammary gland via CXC chemokines, whereas the excessive IL-17 production contributes to tissue damage in mastitis. In addition, a shift in T helper cell polarization toward Th2 and Treg cells was observed 5 days post-infection, and the mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine Il10 was markedly increased at day 7 post-infection. These results indicate that immune clearance of Staphylococcus aureus in mastitis is facilitated by the enrichment of Th17, Th1 and Th2 cells in the mammary gland mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokine production, which is tightly regulated by Treg cells and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.